Changing predominance of norovirus strains in children with acute gastroenteritis in Shanghai, 2018–2021

Lu, Lijuan; Ao, Yuanyun; Jia, Ran; Zhong, Huaqing; Liu, Pengcheng; Xu, Menghua; Su, Liyun; Cao, Lingfeng; Xu, Jin

doi:10.1016/j.virs.2023.08.005

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The GII.2[P16] epidemic in children in 2021 was notable for two points. First, the resurgence of GII.2[P16] in Japan was noteworthy, despite the decline in other countries [ 33 , 48 ]. Second, the number of HuNoV detections in March 2021 was highest during the present study period in Groups A and B.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since 2021, the number of HuNoV detections worldwide has been gradually increasing because of the reduction in COVID-19 countermeasures. In the context of such a change, the human-to-human pediatric outbreaks from 2020 to 2021 in Shanghai were reported to be caused by the GII.4[P16] sublineage [ 30 , 33 ]. We investigated the impact of COVID-19 countermeasures on HuNoV genotypes and genetic mutations in Japan, which had a different detection status from other countries even before COVID-19, including a low detection of GII.4[P16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiological Features of Human Norovirus Genotypes before and after COVID-19 Countermeasures in Osaka, Japan

Shirai,

Phadungsombat,

Ushikai

et al. 2024

Viruses

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We investigated the molecular epidemiology of human norovirus (HuNoV) in all age groups using samples from April 2019 to March 2023, before and after the COVID-19 countermeasures were implemented. GII.2[P16] and GII.4[P31], the prevalent strains in Japan before COVID-19 countermeasures, remained prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic, except from April to November 2020; in 2021, the prevalence of GII.2[P16] increased among children. Furthermore, there was an increase in the prevalence of GII.4[P16] after December 2022. Phylogenetic analysis of GII.P31 RdRp showed that some strains detected in 2022 belonged to a different cluster of other strains obtained during the present study period, suggesting that HuNoV strains will evolve differently even if they have the same type of RdRp. An analysis of the amino acid sequence of VP1 showed that some antigenic sites of GII.4[P16] were different from those of GII.4[P31]. The present study showed high infectivity of HuNoV despite the COVID-19 countermeasures and revealed changes in the prevalent genotypes and mutations of each genotype. In the future, we will investigate whether GII.4[P16] becomes more prevalent, providing new insights by comparing the new data with those analyzed in the present study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Features of Human Norovirus Genotypes before and after COVID-19 Countermeasures in Osaka, Japan

Shirai,

Phadungsombat,

Ushikai

et al. 2024

Viruses

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“…Based on the VP1 and RdRp gene sequences of NV, it can be classified into different G and P genotypes. Since 2015, the predominant genotypes in China have been GII.2[P16], GII.3[P12], GII.4[P16], and GII.4[P31] [ 27 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. In 2021 and 2022, the predominant genotypes in Jining City were GII.3[P12], co-circulating with GII.4[P16] and GII.4[P31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Characteristics and Genotypic Features of Rotavirus and Norovirus in Jining City, 2021–2022

Wu,

Fu,

Xie

et al. 2024

Viruses

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Diarrhea, often caused by viruses like rotavirus (RV) and norovirus (NV), is a global health concern. This study focuses on RV and NV in Jining City from 2021 to 2022. Between 2021 and 2022, a total of 1052 diarrhea samples were collected. Real-Time Quantitative Fluorescent Reverse Transcriptase-PCR was used to detect RV-A, NV GI, and NV GII. For RV-A-positive samples, VP7 and VP4 genes were sequenced for genotype analysis, followed by the construction of evolutionary trees. Likewise, for NV-GII-positive samples, VP1 and RdRp genes were sequenced for genotypic analysis, and evolutionary trees were subsequently constructed. Between 2021 and 2022, Jining City showed varying detection ratios: RV-A alone (excluding co-infection of RV-A and NV GII) at 7.03%, NV GI at 0.10%, NV GII alone (excluding co-infection of RV-A and NV GII) at 5.42%, and co-infection of RV-A and NV GII at 1.14%. The highest RV-A ratios were shown in children ≤1 year and 2–5 years. Jining, Jinxiang County, and Liangshan County had notably high RV-A ratios at 24.37% (excluding co-infection of RV-A and NV GII) and 18.33% (excluding co-infection of RV-A and NV GII), respectively. Jining, Qufu, and Weishan had no RV-A positives. Weishan showed the highest NV GII ratios at 35.48% (excluding co-infection of RV-A and NV GII). Genotype analysis showed that, in 2021, G9P[8] and G2P[4] were dominant at 94.44% and 5.56%, respectively. In 2022, G8P[8], G9P[8], and G1P[8] were prominent at 75.86%, 13.79%, and 10.35%, respectively. In 2021, GII.3[P12], GII.4[P16], and GII.4[P31] constituted 71.42%, 14.29%, and 14.29%, respectively. In 2022, GII.3[P12] and GII.4[P16] accounted for 55.00% and 45.00%, respectively. RV-A and NV showed varying patterns for different time frames, age groups, and regions within Jining. Genotypic shifts were also observed in prevalent RV-A and NV GII strains in Jining City from 2021 to 2022. Ongoing monitoring of RV-A and NV is recommended for effective prevention and control.

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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on norovirus circulation in Germany

Jacobsen,

Faber,

Altmann

et al. 2024

International Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Changing predominance of norovirus strains in children with acute gastroenteritis in Shanghai, 2018–2021

Cited by 10 publications

References 44 publications

Epidemiological Features of Human Norovirus Genotypes before and after COVID-19 Countermeasures in Osaka, Japan

Epidemiological Features of Human Norovirus Genotypes before and after COVID-19 Countermeasures in Osaka, Japan

Epidemiological Characteristics and Genotypic Features of Rotavirus and Norovirus in Jining City, 2021–2022

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on norovirus circulation in Germany

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