Channel-Resolved Above-Threshold Double Ionization of Acetylene

Gong, Xiaochun; Song, Qiying; Ji, Qinying; Lin, Kang; Pan, Haifeng; Ding, Jun; Zeng, Heping; Wu, Jian

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.114.163001

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The excess photon energy over the double ionization threshold is deposited into the nuclei and electrons in a correlated manner. As compared to the photon energy sharing between two electrons in nonsequential ATDI of atoms and molecules [15,16], the JES in Fig. 2(a) shows an experimental observation of photon energy sharing among two electrons and two ions in a multiphoton ATDI of a molecule exposed to strong laser fields.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It was observed not only for the single-photon ionization of molecules exposed to synchrotron radiation [1][2][3], but also recently for strong-field multiphoton single ionization of molecules [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] via the correlated interaction of the outgoing electron with the nuclei. As compared to the single ionization, exchanging and sharing of energies from multiple absorbed photons between two freed electrons are expected in nonsequential above-threshold double ionization (ATDI) [11][12][13][14], which was recently observed experimentally in both atoms and molecules [15,16]. Beyond the photon energy sharing between one freed electron and its parent ion, in which case two parts are closely correlated, does the photon energy sharing between two electrons and two nuclei still hold, especially when the two electrons do not directly correlate each other but release out sequentially during the ATDI process?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electron-nuclear correlation in above-threshold double ionization of molecules

Zhang

Gong

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. A

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We report on the experimental observation of photon energy sharing among two electrons and two ions ejected from a doubly ionized molecule exposed to an intense ultraviolet femtosecond laser pulse. Although two electrons are successively released one after the other, bridged by the nuclear motion via their interactions, photon energy sharing among four particles is observed as multiple energy conservation lines in their joint energy spectrum. For sequential double ionization of H 2 , the electron-nuclear joint energy spectrum allows us to identify three pathways towards the charge-resonance enhanced ionization of the stretching H 2 + in strong laser fields. By counting the photon number absorbed by the molecule, we trace the accessibility, enhancement, and suppression of various pathways. The correlated electron-nuclear motion provides profound insights of the complicated strong-field dynamics of molecules.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron-nuclear correlation in above-threshold double ionization of molecules

Zhang

Gong

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. A

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“…In strong laser fields, double ionization of atoms and molecules occurs via either sequential or nonsequential processes by releasing two electrons one after the other or simultaneously. The nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) was proposed to understand the unexpected enhanced double ionization rate [32][33][34][35] and the correlated dynamics of two freed electrons of their momenta [36][37][38][39] and kinetic energies [40][41][42]. In general, the NSDI is preferred at modest laser intensity assisted by the electron rescattering [32][33][34][35]41], while the sequential double ionization (SDI) dominates at high laser intensity where two electrons can be released directly by the field in the sequential manner without the requisition of rescattering.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3(a). Inversely proportional to the internuclear distance of the Coulomb explosion [47], the KER of the nuclear fragments has been used to determine the structure of molecules [48][49][50][51][52][53][54] and to reveal strong-field ionization dynamics of molecules [42]. For explosive double ionization with a Coulomb potential of 1/R (in atomic units), the Coulomb explosion of the stretched molecule occurs at internuclear distances between 4.5 and 9.0 a.u.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociative double ionization of CO in orthogonal two-color laser fields

Song

Gong

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. A

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We experimentally investigate dissociative double ionization of CO by a phase-controlled orthogonal twocolor (OTC) laser pulse. Directional breaking of doubly ionized CO as a function of both kinetic energy and emission direction of the nuclear fragments is observed in the polarization plane steered by the laser phase. It is attributed to the dominating sequential double ionization at the maximum strength and nonsequential double ionization at a relatively weak strength of the spatiotemporally shaped oscillating laser field pointing to various directions. Our results are interesting not only for two-dimensional control of directional bond breaking, but also strengthen our understanding of strong-field sequential and nonsequential double ionization of molecules which are spatiotemporally streaked to various directions and kinetic energies by an OTC laser pulse.

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“…The behavior of electron in a strong laser field has attracted considerable interest, especially after the observation of above-threshold ionization (ATI) [1], where the electron can absorb more photons than that required to overcome the ionization potential. Since then, a variety of experiments have been performed in order to reveal the underlying mechanisms of various phenomena appeared in the strong field, such as the ATI [2][3][4][5], tunneling ionization [6][7][8][9], and high-order harmonic generation (HHG) [10][11][12].…”

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confidence: 99%

Understanding Tunneling Ionization of Atoms in Laser Fields using the Principle of Multiphoton Absorption

Xu¹,

Fu²

2019

Chinese Phys. Lett.

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The elaborate energy and momentum spectra of ionized electrons from atoms in laser fields suggest that the ionization dynamics described by tunneling theory should be modified. Although many efforts have been done within semiclassical models, there are few discussions describing multiphoton absorption process with quantum framework. In this letter, by comparing the results obtained with the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) and Keldysh-Faisal-Reiss (KFR) theory, we have studied the nonperturbative effects of ionization dynamics beyond KFR theory. The difference in momentum spectra between multiphoton and tunneling regimes is understood in a unified picture with virtual multiphoton absorption processes. For the multiphoton regime, the momentum spectra can be obtained by coherent interference of each periodic contribution. However, the interference of multiphoton absorption peaks will result in the complex structure of virtual multiphoton bands in the tunneling regime. It is shown that the virtual spectra will be almost continuous in the tunneling regime instead of the discrete levels in the multiphoton regime. Finally, with a model combining TDSE and KFR theory, we have tried to understand the different effects of virtual multiphoton processes on ionization dynamics. 32.80.Rm, 42.50.Ct The behavior of electron in a strong laser field has attracted considerable interest, especially after the observation of above-threshold ionization (ATI) [1], where the electron can absorb more photons than that required to overcome the ionization potential. Since then, a variety of experiments have been performed in order to reveal the underlying mechanisms of various phenomena appeared in the strong field, such as the ATI [2-5], tunneling ionization [6-9], and high-order harmonic generation (HHG) [10][11][12].The interaction of atoms with strong laser fields can be studied numerically with TDSE [13-16], classical [17,18] or semiclassical approaches [19][20][21]. By using semiclassical methods, we can understand the profound physical processes and come to universal results. Here, most of the semiclassical methods are based on the KFR theory [22][23][24][25], which can result in qualitative agreement with the results of exact TDSE or experiments, e.g. the energy spectra of ATI [26,27]. KFR theory ignores the dynamics of the bound states and the coulomb effect on the continuum states. In the past, many efforts have been made in the KFR theory's amendments, which mainly considers the Coulomb interaction, such as Coulomb-Volkov approximation [28][29][30] and the rescattering models of Strong Field Approximation [31]. The effects of the excited states [32, 33] and the depletion effect of the ground state [4,proposed the so-called Keldysh parameter [22] defined as γ ≡ I P /2U P , where I P is the ionization potential and U P = E 2 0 /4ω 2 is the ponderomotive energy. Here E 0 and ω are the amplitude and frequency of laser pulse, respectively. The asymptotic behavior of the ionization rate at γ → 0 tends to the case of elect...

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Channel-Resolved Above-Threshold Double Ionization of Acetylene

Cited by 36 publications

References 49 publications

Electron-nuclear correlation in above-threshold double ionization of molecules

Electron-nuclear correlation in above-threshold double ionization of molecules

Dissociative double ionization of CO in orthogonal two-color laser fields

Understanding Tunneling Ionization of Atoms in Laser Fields using the Principle of Multiphoton Absorption

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