Chaotic evolution of the energy of the electron orbital and the hopping integral in diatomic molecule cations subjected to harmonic excitation

Abstract

We analysed the dynamics of the positively charged ions of diatomic molecules (X + 2 and XY + ), in which the bond is realised by a single electron. We assumed that the atomic cores separated by a distance R were subjected to the external excitation of a harmonic type with the amplitude A and frequency Ω. We found the ground states of ions using the variational approach within the formalism of second quantization (the Wannier function was reproduced by means of Gaussian orbitals). It occurred that, on the account of the highly non-linear dependence of the total energy on R, the chaotic dynamics of cores induced the chaotic evolution of the electronic Hamiltonian energetic parameters (i.e. the energy of the electron orbital ε and the hopping integral t). Changes in cation masses or in the charge arrangement does not affect qualitatively the values of Lyapunov exponents in the A-Ω parameter space.