“…When heat transfer enhancement is involved, two main classes of ow geometries are encountered in the production of chaotic mixing: those that use rotating elements as cylinders (De Campos, Perugini, Ertel-Ingrisch, Dingwell, & Poli, 2011;El Omari & Le Guer, 2010a;Ganesan, Bryden, & Brenner, 1997;Ghosh, Chang, & Sen, 1992;Lefevre, Mota, Rodrigo, & Saatdjian, 2003;Mota, Rodrigo, & Saatdjian, 2007Rodrigo, Mota, Lefèvre, & Saatdjian, 2003;Rodrigo, Mota, Rodrigues, & Saatdjian, 2006;Saatdjian & Leprevost, 1998;Saatdjian, Rodrigo, & Mota, 2011) or translating elements (de la Cruz & Ramos, 2006;Speetjens, 2008) and those that use multiple curved ducts (Acharya, Sen, & Chang, 1992Chagny, Castelain, & Peerhossaini, 2000;Kumar, Mridha, Gupta, & Nigam, 2007;Lasbet, Auvity, Castelain, & Peerhossaini, 2006;Lemenand & Peerhossaini, 2002;Peerhossaini, Castelain, & Le Guer, 1993;Yamagishi, Inaba, & Yamaguchi, 2007). When heat transfer enhancement is involved, two main classes of ow geometries are encountered in the production of chaotic mixing: those that use rotating elements as cylinders (De Campos, Perugini, Ertel-Ingrisch, Dingwell, & Poli, 2011;El Omari & Le Guer, 2010a;Ganesan, Bryden, & Brenner, 1997;Ghosh, Chang, & Sen, 1992;Lefevre, Mota, Rodrigo, & Saatdjian, 2003;Mota, Rodrigo, & Saatdjian, 2007Rodrigo, Mota, Lefèvre, & Saatdjian, 2003;Rodrigo, Mota, Rodrigues, & Saatdjian, 2006;Saatdjian & Leprevost, 1998;Saatdjian, Rodrigo, & Mota, 2011) or translating elements …”