Chaotic Standard Map Based Frequency Hopping OFDMA for Low Probability of Intercept

Jung, Junwoo; Lim, Jaesung

doi:10.1109/lcomm.2011.071811.110966

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Numerous anti-jamming methods have been proposed in the literature, ranging from frequency hopping [3]- [8] methods that employ techniques such as honeypots to obtain the jammer policy or to harvest the jamming energy [9]- [14]. Frequency hopping methods continuously switch the carrier frequency between different bands and can be performed using strategies such as chaotic frequency hopping [7] or learning-based methods [8]. The authors in [9] propose an anti-jamming technique that assigns a user among all users as a honeypot to obtain the jammer policy for a wiser jamming mitigation.…”

Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcement Learning for Deceiving Reactive Jammers in Wireless Networks

Pourranjbar,

Kaddoum,

Ferdowsi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Conventional anti-jamming methods mostly rely on frequency hopping to hide or escape from jammers. These approaches are not efficient in terms of bandwidth usage and can also result in a high probability of jamming. Different from existing works, in this paper, a novel anti-jamming strategy is proposed based on the idea of deceiving the jammer into attacking a victim channel while maintaining the communications of legitimate users in safe channels. Since the jammer's channel information is not known to the users, an optimal channel selection scheme and a sub-optimal power allocation algorithm are proposed using reinforcement learning (RL). The performance of the proposed anti-jamming technique is evaluated by deriving the statistical lower bound of the total received power (TRP). Analytical results show that, for a given access point, over 50% of the highest achievable TRP, i.e. in the absence of jammers, is achieved for the case of a single user and three frequency channels. Moreover, this value increases with the number of users and available channels. The obtained results are compared with two existing RL based anti-jamming techniques, and a random channel allocation strategy without any jamming attacks. Simulation results show that the proposed anti-jamming method outperforms the compared RL based antijamming methods and the random search method, and yields near optimal achievable TRP.

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Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcement Learning for Deceiving Reactive Jammers in Wireless Networks

Pourranjbar,

Kaddoum,

Ferdowsi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Some previous works on FH-OFDMA systems have noted various FH pattern designs to achieve LPD capability and frequency diversity [8][9][10][11][12][13]. In Reference [8][9][10][11][12], the transmitted symbol index is changed at each symbol period through the symbol-by-symbol (SBS) hopping strategy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Low Probability of Detection Capability for Chaotic Standard Map-Based FH-OFDMA System

Jung¹,

Lim

Park³

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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A frequency hopping orthogonal frequency division multiple access (FH-OFDMA) can provide low probability of detection (LPD) and anti-jamming capabilities to users against adversary detectors. To obtain an extreme LPD capability that cannot be provided by the basic symbol-by-symbol (SBS)-based FH pattern, we proposed two FH patterns, namely chaotic standard map (CSM) and cat map for FH-OFDMA systems. In our previous work, through analysis of complexity to regenerate the transmitted symbol sequence, at the point of adversary detectors, we found that the CSM had a lower probability of intercept than the cat map and SBS. It is possible when a detector already knows symbol and frame structures, and the detector has been synchronized to the FH-OFDMA system. Unlike the previous work, here, we analyze whether the CSM provides greater LPD capability than the cat map and SBS by detection probability using spectrum sensing technique. We analyze the detection probability of the CSM and provide detection probabilities of the cat map and SBS compared to the CSM. Based on our analysis of the detection probability and numerical results, it is evident that the CSM provides greater LPD capability than both the cat map and SBS-based FH-OFDMA systems.

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“…The real random noise radar transmits the noise waveform and spectrum with high range resolution [ 23 , 24 ], but faces many challenges in engineering, including reference signal storage, low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), and transmitter–receiver isolation [ 25 ]. Consequently, much research is focused on the topic of chaos [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Chaotic nonlinear dynamics can be considered a physical phenomenon that bridges the regular evolution of systems with random evolution [ 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Processing of a Novel Chaos-Based Stepped Frequency Synthesized Wideband Radar Signal

Zeng

Chang

Fan

et al. 2018

Sensors

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The linear stepped frequency and linear frequency shift keying (FSK) signal has been widely used in radar systems. However, such linear modulation signals suffer from the range–Doppler coupling that degrades radar multi-target resolution. Moreover, the fixed frequency-hopping or frequency-coded sequence can be easily predicted by the interception receiver in the electronic countermeasures (ECM) environments, which limits radar anti-jamming performance. In addition, the single FSK modulation reduces the radar low probability of intercept (LPI) performance, for it cannot achieve a large time–bandwidth product. To solve such problems, we propose a novel chaos-based stepped frequency (CSF) synthesized wideband signal in this paper. The signal introduces chaotic frequency hopping between the coherent stepped frequency pulses, and adopts a chaotic frequency shift keying (CFSK) and phase shift keying (PSK) composited coded modulation in a subpulse, called CSF-CFSK/PSK. Correspondingly, the processing method for the signal has been proposed. According to our theoretical analyses and the simulations, the proposed signal and processing method achieve better multi-target resolution and LPI performance. Furthermore, flexible modulation is able to increase the robustness against identification of the interception receiver and improve the anti-jamming performance of the radar.

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Chaotic Standard Map Based Frequency Hopping OFDMA for Low Probability of Intercept

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Reinforcement Learning for Deceiving Reactive Jammers in Wireless Networks

Reinforcement Learning for Deceiving Reactive Jammers in Wireless Networks

Analysis of Low Probability of Detection Capability for Chaotic Standard Map-Based FH-OFDMA System

Design and Processing of a Novel Chaos-Based Stepped Frequency Synthesized Wideband Radar Signal

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