“…These few emblematic projects that showed that it was possible to build on flood zones and be resilient have hidden the uncontrolled floodplain urbanisation. Urban planning, which is supposed to account for flood risk, has its limits (Gralepois et al, 2011;Groux, 2014). The negotiated flood risk prevention plan has the result of political compromise and has led to many disasters (Douvinet et al, 2011;Le Bourhis, 2007;Moulin et al, 2013).…”