Chapitre V. Aménagement technique du milieu

Écoutin, Jean-Marc; Barry, Mamadou; Bouju, Stéphane; Charles-Dominique, Emmanuel; Journet, Odile; Penot, Éric; Ruë, Olivier; Souaré, Daouda; Sow, Mamadou

doi:10.4000/books.irdeditions.4990

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Maximum concentrations in some plots in GB were found to be between 195.8 and 5599 cmol(+) Na per kg soil and had an electrical conductivity (EC) of 53.75 mS cm −1 [63]. During the rainy season, salt concentration can drop to levels below 5 mS cm −1 , allowing weeds and rice to grow [17,112]. This period represents a strategic phase for farmers to take advantage of these specific moments to grow rice.…”

Section: Salinity In the Bolanhas Of The Msrpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mangrove Swamp Rice Production System of Guinea Bissau: Identification of the Main Constraints Associated with Soil Salinity and Rainfall Variability

Garbanzo,

Cameira,

Paredes

2024

Agronomy

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Mangrove swamp rice production (MSRP) refers to rice cultivation in former mangrove soils that have been anthropogenically modified for food production. The method utilizes the largest possible storage of fresh water to desalinate the soils and make them productive. However, temporal variability in rainfall patterns causes loss of efficiency in production, impacting crop growth and reducing productivity. To improve MSRP, it is necessary to identify the primary constraints associated with salinity, enhancing and maximizing freshwater storage efficiency and water productivity. This study provides a general description of the MSRP system in both the northern and southern regions of Guinea-Bissau, aiming at the identification of the main water management limitations. The description involves the use of typologies and the identification of zones with specific characteristics within the paddies. Furthermore, this review includes an analysis of the physicochemical characteristics of soils in relation to salinity issues, descriptions of agronomic management, rice varieties, and the significance of managing dikes and bunds to improve mangrove swamp rice water management. This study shows how the MSRPS is characterized by dynamism and complexity, involving a wide range of constraints associated with salinity features, cultural influences, and microclimatic conditions that are subject to temporal variations.

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Section: Salinity In the Bolanhas Of The Msrpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mangrove Swamp Rice Production System of Guinea Bissau: Identification of the Main Constraints Associated with Soil Salinity and Rainfall Variability

Garbanzo,

Cameira,

Paredes

2024

Agronomy

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“…Rainfall is the only source of water to meet crop water needs and to flush salt from the soil profile [9,[14][15][16]. Therefore, rice is grown during the rainy season (July to November) when the planting sites become suitable for the rice plant, namely, the salinity has reduced to tolerable levels for rice varieties [14,17]. This makes plant growth difficult [5,18,19] and leads to a large variability in rice productivity across the country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moving toward the Biophysical Characterization of the Mangrove Swamp Rice Production System in Guinea Bissau: Exploring Tools to Improve Soil- and Water-Use Efficiencies

Garbanzo,

Céspedes,

Sandoval

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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The mangrove swamp rice production system (MSRPS) in West Africa faces significant challenges in soil, water, and salinity management, making rice production highly vulnerable to variations in the spatio-temporal distribution patterns of rainfall, which are exacerbated by climate change. This study’s results can provide the initial basis for co-developing strategies with farmers aiming to contribute to the biophysical characterization of the MSRPS, in particular: (i) estimate the water-harvesting efficiency (WLef) of the plots in the north and south of Guinea Bissau (GB); (ii) characterize the unevenness of the bottom of the plots, which leads to salinization spots; and (iii) create soil consistency maps to provide farmers with a tool to prioritize sites with optimal conditions for tillage. The research was conducted between 2021 and 2023 in the study site of Cafine-Cafal in the south and Elalab in the north of GB. Systematic soil sampling in a grid was designed to quantify the soil consistency and plot/ridge areas were determined. Linear models were developed to predict biophysical parameters (e.g., effective planting areas and water-logging depths) and geostatistics were used to create soil consistency maps for each study site. The results show precipitation water-harvesting efficiencies of 15% and 16% for the southern and northern regions, respectively. Furthermore, the plasticity limits of 18.6% for Elalab and 35.5% for Cafine-Cafal show the most appropriate times to start tillage in specific areas of the paddies. This study provides information on the efficient management of tillage and freshwater conservation, providing MSRPS farmers with useful tools to counteract the effects caused by salinity and rainfall variability.

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“…For years, the Saloum and Gambia has been considered as affected by a deterioration of savannahs (Ndiaye, 1990), of agricultural landscapes (Lericollais, 1989) and the spread of mudflats over mangroves. Casamance and Guinea-Bissau are affected by a diminution of agroforests which are converted into cashew orchards in Guinea-Bissau (Fazendeiro-Catarino, 2004) and by a deterioration of the mangrove rice systems in Casamance (Bosc, 2005;Ecoutin et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land cover changes on the West-African coastline from the Saloum Delta (Senegal) to Rio Geba (Guinea-Bissau) between 1979 and 2015

Andrieu

2018

European Journal of Remote Sensing

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To map vegetation and land cover changes on the West-African coastline using LANDSAT TM scenes taken at different dates, we applied a stacking of undirected classifications. The first step consists in interpreting the radiometric classes obtained via undirected classification so as to form the classes of the thematic nomenclature. The classification is subsequently improved by increasing radiometric contrasts within each of the classes. To do so, a Principal Component Analysis is applied to the LANDSAT channel. Then, a second classification within the classes enables to reallocate correctly those pixels that were wrongly classified previously. Cross-analysing the 2015 LANDSAT images and maps from earlier decades revealed that between the end of the years 1970 and the mid-2010s, wooded areas increased by 2% for the mangrove and 3.5% for dry land. This positive result is the outcome of significant regressions of woodlands compensated by even more significant progressions. It is in the mangrove that progression prevails over regression, especially in the last fifteen years. Finally, an opposition between particularly stable sectors and particularly changing sectors was observed, given that areas having gone through two changes or more are larger than those having gone through one change only in 36 years. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Chapitre V. Aménagement technique du milieu

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

The Mangrove Swamp Rice Production System of Guinea Bissau: Identification of the Main Constraints Associated with Soil Salinity and Rainfall Variability

The Mangrove Swamp Rice Production System of Guinea Bissau: Identification of the Main Constraints Associated with Soil Salinity and Rainfall Variability

Moving toward the Biophysical Characterization of the Mangrove Swamp Rice Production System in Guinea Bissau: Exploring Tools to Improve Soil- and Water-Use Efficiencies

Land cover changes on the West-African coastline from the Saloum Delta (Senegal) to Rio Geba (Guinea-Bissau) between 1979 and 2015

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