Chapter 1 Ecology and Life History Evolution of Frugivorous Drosophila Parasitoids

Fleury, Frédéric; Gibert, Patricia; Ris, Nicolas; Allemand, Roland

doi:10.1016/s0065-308x(09)70001-6

Cited by 118 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…These results suggest that maintenance of Spiroplasma at infection frequencies observed in nature can only be achieved at wasp parasitism rates 482% for Lh and 495% for Lb. Although up to 80% parasitized Drosophila larvae have been reported in several regions, an average parasitism range of 5-40% is more common, which fluctuates geographically and seasonally (reviewed in Fleury et al, 2009). Therefore, it appears that the selective advantage conferred by defense alone does not guarantee Spiroplasma persistence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings suggest that, in the context of high wasp parasitism (100%), defense against wasps could have a major role in the persistence of the male-killing Spiroplasma strain of D. melanogaster. Nevertheless, although wasp parasitism rates can be high in nature, they are unlikely to be 100%, and they vary over time and space (reviewed in Fleury et al, 2009). If we take into account imperfect parasitism rate (P), and define the fitness of unattacked flies as 1 (regardless of the Spiroplasma infection), and the post-wasp attack fitness of Spiroplasma-infected and -uninfected flies as k and h, respectively, then, at equilibrium I 0 :…”

Section: Wasp Growth Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

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Male killing Spiroplasma protects Drosophila melanogaster against two parasitoid wasps

et al. 2013

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Maternally transmitted associations between endosymbiotic bacteria and insects are diverse and widespread in nature. Owing to imperfect vertical transmission, many heritable microbes have evolved compensational mechanisms to enhance their persistence in host lineages, such as manipulating host reproduction and conferring fitness benefits to host. Symbiont-mediated defense against natural enemies of hosts is increasingly recognized as an important mechanism by which endosymbionts enhance host fitness. Members of the genus Spiroplasma associated with distantly related Drosophila hosts are known to engage in either reproductive parasitism (i.e., male killing) or defense against natural enemies (the parasitic wasp Leptopilina heterotoma and a nematode). A male-killing strain of Spiroplasma (strain Melanogaster Sex Ratio Organism (MSRO)) co-occurs with Wolbachia (strain wMel) in certain wild populations of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. We examined the effects of Spiroplasma MSRO and Wolbachia wMel on Drosophila survival against parasitism by two common wasps, Leptopilina heterotoma and Leptopilina boulardi, that differ in their host ranges and host evasion strategies. The results indicate that Spiroplasma MSRO prevents successful development of both wasps, and confers a small, albeit significant, increase in larva-toadult survival of flies subjected to wasp attacks. We modeled the conditions under which defense can contribute to Spiroplasma persistence. Wolbachia also confers a weak, but significant, survival advantage to flies attacked by L. heterotoma. The host protective effects exhibited by Spiroplasma and Wolbachia are additive and may provide the conditions for such cotransmitted symbionts to become mutualists. Occurrence of Spiroplasma-mediated protection against distinct parasitoids in divergent Drosophila hosts suggests a general protection mechanism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wasp Growth Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Male killing Spiroplasma protects Drosophila melanogaster against two parasitoid wasps

et al. 2013

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“…Pupal parasitoids are either ecto-or endoparasitoids and tend to be generalists, attacking a wide range of hosts. Larval parasitoids, on the other hand, are endoparasitoids that interact with the hosts' immune system and tend to have a narrow host range (Carton et al, 1986;Fleury et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to escape parasitism, drosophilid hosts can mount immunological attacks against larval parasitoids. Parasitoids in return evolve ways to cope with host defenses, such as sticky eggs, virus-like particles and venom virulence factors (Fleury et al, 2009). Both host resistance and parasitoid virulence are thought to be graded traits, which form clines and mosaics in natural communities, based on local selective forces (Boulétreau & Fouillet, 1982;Carton & Nappi, 1991;Kraaijeveld & van Alphen, 1994, 1995Kraaijeveld et al, 1998;Kraaijeveld & Godfray, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance and host associations of parasitoids attacking frugivorous drosophilids on Iriomote-jima, a subtropical island of Japan

Novković¹,

Oikawa²,

Murata³

et al. 2012

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. To understand the factors governing the diversity, abundance and host associations of parasitoids attacking frugivorous drosophilid flies on Iriomote-jima, a subtropical island of Japan, we monitored parasitism on several occasions over the period [2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009] In addition, host acceptance and host suitability of the four most frequently recorded parasitoid species were studied in the laboratory. Most parasitoid and drosophilid species showed species-specific associations with more than one antagonist species, suggesting that they have been subjected to complex coevolutionary interactions. In addition, host range of most of the parasitoid species included one of the three major Drosophila species, suggesting that the abundance of potential hosts is one of the factors determining the evolution of parasitoid host use.

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“…In the State of São Paulo, D. grenadensis as Dicerataspis flavipes was shown to be associated with Z. indianus in different fruit trees (GUIMARÃES et al, 2004). Leptopilina species are distributed worldwide and are always associated with drosophilid larvae (FORSHAGE et al, 2013;NOVKOVIC et al, 2011), and L. boulardi is commonly associated with Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen, 1830) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) (FLEURY et al, 2009). However, in Brazil, this species was reported to parasitize Z. indianus in the Cerrado biome in the State of Goiás (MARCHIORI et al, 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

First record of Eucoilinae (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), parasitoids of African fig fly Zaprionus indianus Gupta (Diptera: Drosophilidae), in the Caatinga biome

Santos

Fernandes

Souza

et al. 2016

SCA

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This study records the occurrence of eucoilines (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), parasitoids of the African fig fly Zaprionus indianus Gupta (Diptera: Drosophilidae), in the Brazilian semi-arid Caatinga biome. We obtained from mango (Mangifera indica L.) and guava (Psidium guajava L.) fruits Drosophilidae pupae, which developed into Z. indianus and two species of Eucoilinae parasitoids, Dicerataspis grenadensis Ashmead and Leptopilina boulardi (Barbotin, Carlton & Kelner-Pillaut). This is the first record of the parasitoids D. grenadensis and L. boulardi in the Caatinga biome.

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Chapter 1 Ecology and Life History Evolution of Frugivorous Drosophila Parasitoids

Cited by 118 publications

References 165 publications

Male killing Spiroplasma protects Drosophila melanogaster against two parasitoid wasps

Male killing Spiroplasma protects Drosophila melanogaster against two parasitoid wasps

Abundance and host associations of parasitoids attacking frugivorous drosophilids on Iriomote-jima, a subtropical island of Japan

First record of Eucoilinae (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), parasitoids of African fig fly Zaprionus indianus Gupta (Diptera: Drosophilidae), in the Caatinga biome

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