2014
DOI: 10.1167/tvst.3.7.3
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Chapter 1 - Restoring Vision to the Blind: The New Age of Implanted Visual Prostheses

Abstract: Of the many devices investigated, retina-based devices have shown the greatest success. These devices are limited, however, to eye diseases that destroy the photoreceptors but leave, at the very least, the ganglion cells intact for direct stimulation (Kellner, 2000). Of those diseases, retinitis pigmentosa (RP) has been the most attractive candidate because some affected individuals reach near-complete blindness at a relatively early age, and the inner (neural) retina is relatively spared. In comparison, age-r… Show more

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Cited by 22 publications
(8 citation statements)
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References 49 publications
(36 reference statements)
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“…Because it is difficult to replicate biological infrastructure with microelectrode arrays, the goal has been to create a simplified visual signal that would provide some functional benefit for the recipient. Efforts to develop such a device have been undertaken by many groups over the past 50 years [1][2][3]. More recent efforts have focused on the retina, with three devices having achieved commercial approval to date.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Because it is difficult to replicate biological infrastructure with microelectrode arrays, the goal has been to create a simplified visual signal that would provide some functional benefit for the recipient. Efforts to develop such a device have been undertaken by many groups over the past 50 years [1][2][3]. More recent efforts have focused on the retina, with three devices having achieved commercial approval to date.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Zunächst schätzen die meisten Patienten die Sehverbesserung durch die gegenwärtigen retinalen Implantate als zu gering für einen Nutzen im täglichen Leben ein [4,31,32]. Wie bereits präklinische Arbeiten zeigten [33], liegt das Auflösungsvermögen der gegenwärtigen Elektrodenkonfiguration des Retina Implant Alpha bei etwa 20/500 und bei Argus II bei 50/1200 und wird auch nur von wenigen Patienten erreicht.…”
Section: Worin Liegen Die Ursachen Für Diese Entwicklung?unclassified
“…Aktuell läuft eine erste Probandenstudie in Los Angeles und Houston (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03344848) [41]. Allerdings haben alle Ansätze zu kortikalen Prothesen bisher keine dauerhaften Seheindrücke vermitteln können [4,31,32]. Ein weiterer neuartiger kortikaler Ansatz, bei dem mehrere 16-Kanal-Nadelelektrodenfelder mit drahtloser Energie und Signalübertragung in Area V1 eingesetzt werden (ICVP-Implantate), steht kurz vor der klinischen Anwendung [42].…”
Section: Zukunft Visueller Elektronischer Implantateunclassified
“…Because it is difficult to replicate biological infrastructure with microelectrode arrays, the goal has been to create a simplified visual signal that would provide some functional benefit for the recipient. Efforts to develop such a device have been undertaken by many groups over the past 50 years [13]. More recent efforts have focused on the retina, with three devices having achieved commercial approval to date.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%