Chapter 1. THE PLANETARY SAMPLE SUITE AND ENVIRONMENTS OF ORIGIN

Shearer, C. K.; Papike, J. J.; Rietmeijer, F. J. M.

doi:10.1515/9781501508806-006

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…A high concentration of soluble electrolytes in such fluids was implicit in our previous data (Mautner et al, 1995;Mautner, 1997a) and more recently in discussions by other authors (Bodnar and Zolensky, 2000;Cohen and Coker, 2000). The temperatures in these objects may range from 25 to 150°C for thousands of years (Bunch and Chang, 1980;Tomeoka and Buseck, 1985;Brearley and Jones, 1998;Shearer et al, 1998). Figure 1 and Table 1 illustrate that the equilibrium concentrations of ions in these solutions can vary widely with solid/solution ratio.…”

Section: Solution Chemistry Of Asteroid and Cometary Interiorsmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…Similar solutions can form in the interiors of carbonaceous chondrite parent asteroids during early aqueous alteration and in cometary nuclei during perihelion passes (Bunch and Chang, 1980;Tomeoka and Buseck, 1985;Komle et al, 1991;Brearley and Jones, 1998;Shearer et al, 1998). Asteroids and cometary nuclei could serve as potential sites for biogenenesis (Chyba and McDonald, 1995) and for transporting microorganisms (Hoyle and Wikramasinghe, 1978).…”

Section: Biogenesis Lithopanspermia and Directed Panspermia In The mentioning

confidence: 91%

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Planetary Resources and Astroecology. Planetary Microcosm Models of Asteroid and Meteorite Interiors: Electrolyte Solutions and Microbial Growth— Implications for Space Populations and Panspermia

Mautner

2002

Astrobiology

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Planetary microcosms were constructed using extracts from meteorites that simulate solutions in the pores of carbonaceous chondrites. The microcosms were found to support the growth of complex algal and microbial populations. Such astroecology experiments demonstrate how a diverse ecosystem could exist in fluids within asteroids, and in meteorites that land on aqueous planets. The microcosm solutions were obtained by extracting nutrient electrolytes under natural conditions from powders of the Allende (CV3) and Murchison (CM2) meteorites at low (0.02 g/ml) and high (10.0 g/ml) solid/solution ratios. The latter solutions contain > 3 mol/L electrolytes and about 10 g/L organics, that simulate natural fluids in asteroids during aqueous alteration and in the pores of meteorites, which can help prebiotic synthesis and the survival of early microorganisms. These solutions and wet solids were in fact found to support complex self-sustaining microbial communities with populations of 4 x 10(5) algae and 6 x 10(6) bacteria and fungi for long periods (> 8 months). The results show that planetary microcosms based on meteorites can: assay the fertilities of planetary materials; identify space bioresources; target astrobiology exploration; and model past and future space-based ecosystems. The results show that bioresources in the carbonaceous asteroids can sustain a biomass of 10(18) kg, comprising 10(32) microorganisms and a human population of 10(14). The results also suggest that protoplanetary nebulae can support and disperse microorganisms and can be therefore effective environments for natural and directed panspermia.

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Section: Solution Chemistry Of Asteroid and Cometary Interiorsmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Biogenesis Lithopanspermia and Directed Panspermia In The mentioning

confidence: 91%

Planetary Resources and Astroecology. Planetary Microcosm Models of Asteroid and Meteorite Interiors: Electrolyte Solutions and Microbial Growth— Implications for Space Populations and Panspermia

Mautner

2002

Astrobiology

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“…Oxygen fugacity and isotope measurements may help constrain the mixing processes in the early solar system by tracking the movement of water and mixing of distinct material reservoirs (Shearer et al. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on the formation environment of two chondrule‐like igneous particles from comet 81P/Wild 2

Gainsforth

Butterworth

Stodolna

et al. 2015

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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Using chemical and petrologic evidence and modeling, we deduce that two chondrule-like particles named Iris and Callie, from Stardust cometary track C2052,12,74, formed in an environment very similar to that seen for type II chondrules in meteorites. Iris was heated near liquidus, equilibrated, and cooled at ≤100°C h À1 and within %2 log units of the IW buffer with a high partial pressure of Na such as would be present with dust enrichments of %10 3 . There was no detectable metamorphic, nebular, or aqueous alteration. In previous work, Ogliore et al. (2012) reported that Iris formed late, >3 Myr after CAIs, assuming 26 Al was homogenously distributed, and was rich in heavy oxygen. Iris may be similar to assemblages found only in interplanetary dust particles and Stardust cometary samples called Kool particles. Callie is chemically and isotopically very similar, but not identical to Iris.

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“…The largest group of carbonaceous chondrites, the CM chondrites (Shearer et al, 1998), bear spectral similarities to the B, C, F and G classes of asteroids (Vilas and Gaffey, 1989;Gaffey et al, 1993;Pieters and McFadden, 1994) and may provide important insights into the mineralogical and cosmochemical characteristics of a key group of outer belt asteroids. The geologic evolution of CM chondrites is notable because they have experienced varying degrees of aqueous alteration and brecciation (McSween and Richardson, 1977;Bunch and Chang, 1980;Zolensky et al, 1993;Browning et al, 1996;Brearley and Jones, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogy, aqueous alteration, and primitive textural characteristics of fine-grained rims in the Y-791198 CM2 carbonaceous chondrite: TEM observations and comparison to ALHA81002

Chizmadia

Brearley

2008

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

111

161

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Chapter 1. THE PLANETARY SAMPLE SUITE AND ENVIRONMENTS OF ORIGIN

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Planetary Resources and Astroecology. Planetary Microcosm Models of Asteroid and Meteorite Interiors: Electrolyte Solutions and Microbial Growth— Implications for Space Populations and Panspermia

Planetary Resources and Astroecology. Planetary Microcosm Models of Asteroid and Meteorite Interiors: Electrolyte Solutions and Microbial Growth— Implications for Space Populations and Panspermia

Constraints on the formation environment of two chondrule‐like igneous particles from comet 81P/Wild 2

Mineralogy, aqueous alteration, and primitive textural characteristics of fine-grained rims in the Y-791198 CM2 carbonaceous chondrite: TEM observations and comparison to ALHA81002

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