CHAPTER 1. Volumetric Properties: Introduction, Concepts and Selected Applications

Independent association of arteriovenous ratio index on the primary functional maturation of autologous radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula

“…The AVRdthe match or mismatch between the calibers of inflow and outflowdhas important implications for factors of velocity and pressure in practice. The volumetric property (Q) applicable in such circumstance is obtained by the formula Q ¼ V $ A, 17 where V is velocity and A is the surface area of the vessel derived from the actual vessel diameter. Therefore, the inflow Q (radial artery) can be achieved by (Q Inflow ¼ V Inflow $ A Inflow ), and outflow Q (cephalic vein) can be achieved by (Q Outflow ¼ V Outflow $ A Outflow ).…”

Gibbs Energy and Helmholtz Energy

“…the molar heat capacity at constant pressure is defined by eqn (1.139) and with eqn (1.163) we obtain .190) in high-pressure research, [136][137][138][139][140][199][200][201][202][203][204][205][206] eqn (1.189) and (1.190) are particularly interesting. For instance, the pressure dependence of C P of a constantcomposition fluid may be determined either from PVT data alone or by high-pressure calorimetry or by transitiometry, 136,137 or by measuring the speed of ultrasound at sufficiently low frequency as a function of P and T, 138,199,201,202,[204][205][206][207][208][209][210][211] and the consistency of the experimental results can be ascertained in various ways.…”

“…Note that the difference between C P and C V depends on volumetric properties only. the heat capacity difference may therefore also be expressed by [138][139][140] 196) where the compression factor Z is defined by eqn (1.54). For a constant-composition fluid, the functional dependence of the molar internal energy and the molar entropy on T and V and of the molar enthalpy and the molar entropy on T and P, respectively, can be expressed as follows:…”

Solutions, in Particular Dilute Solutions of Nonelectrolytes: A Review

“…For the isothermal compressibility, Rowlinson and Swinton [29], amongst many others, use the symbol T ≡ −V −1 ( V∕ P) T,{x i } . Together with the isobaric expansivity P ≡ V −1 ( V∕ T) P,{x i } and the isochoric thermal pressure coefficient V ≡ ( P∕ T) V,{x i } , for a constant-composition fluid, and thus also for pure fluids, these mechanical coefficients form a mnemonic triple: Writing them this way, i.e., by indicating via subscript what quantity is to be held constant, is advantageous in general, and particularly so when discussing the related isentropic and orthobaric quantities [298]. The Henry fugacity h i,j (T, P) depends on T and P, and also on the chemical identities of solute i and solvent j (the other component), hence the double subscript i, j has been added to the symbol h. The Henry fugacity (hence the lower-case letter h ) is a material property [66,169], which fact is clearly indicated by Eq.…”