Chapter 12 Eruptive frequency and volcanic hazards zonation in São Miguel Island, Azores

Gaspar, J. L.; Guest, J. E.; Queiroz, G.; Pacheco, José; Pimentel, Adriano; Gomes, A.; Marques, Rui; Felpeto, A.; Ferreira, Teresa; Wallenstein, Nicolau

doi:10.1144/m44.12

Cited by 21 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…‘Sete Cidades’ and ‘Lagoa do Fogo’ have been among the most active volcanic systems in São Miguel Island during the past 5000 years (Booth et al . 1978; Gaspar et al . 2015), where the most recent explosive eruption occurred just before human colonization in the 15th century (Ferreira et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographical distance and barriers explain population genetic patterns in an endangered island perennial

Dias¹,

Moura²,

Schaefer³

et al. 2016

AoB PLANTS

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Oceanic islands are of particular importance for the conservation of global diversity. Rare island plants with small population sizes and unique genetic patterns resulting from prolonged evolutionary isolation are usually extremely fragile. Therefore, research dedicated to conservation of these plants should consider threat factors, population structure and genetic diversity to enable the development of scientifically supported management programs. For Lactuca watsoniana, Azorean lettuce, we performed a comprehensive population genetic study, unravelling genetic diversity patterns intrinsically related to geographical distances and barriers. Our study showed that genetic diversity levels in island plants can be relatively high even for rare plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographical distance and barriers explain population genetic patterns in an endangered island perennial

Dias¹,

Moura²,

Schaefer³

et al. 2016

AoB PLANTS

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“…Cole et al (2008) modelled in a probabilistic manner the ashfall from P11 and P17 considering that these eruptions are, respectively, the worst-case and best-case scenarios for a future event. Gaspar et al (2015a), based on parameters from past events, such as eruptive frequencies and styles on Sete Cidades, defined the areas that are likely to be affected by the different volcanic products (i.e. lava flows, fallout deposits, PDCs), producing hazard zonation maps.…”

Section: Final Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter 7 Eruptive history and evolution of Sete Cidades Volcano, São Miguel Island, Azores

Queiroz

Gaspar

Guest

et al. 2015

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Sete Cidades is an active central volcano on the western part of São Miguel. The geological record reveals that subaerial activity started more than 250 ka ago. Stratigraphic units defined for Sete Cidades deposits reflect major events in the history of the volcano and are organized into two main groups: the Inferior Group and the Superior Group. Caldera formation resulted from three major paroxysmal events that occurred at about 36, 29 and 16 ka ago. Analysis of the eruptive history of Sete Cidades shows that effusive or moderately explosive eruptions, of Hawaiian and/or Strombolian styles, were located on the slopes of the central volcano. Conversely, trachytic explosive activity is mostly centred inside the caldera involving, in a first stage, predominantly Plinian and sub-Plinian phenomena, changing about 5 ka ago to a dominant hydromagmatic style. Trachytic effusive eruptions are represented by domes and associated lava flows that crop out in the inner caldera walls and on the western slopes of the volcano. Offshore submarine activity is represented by the historic Surtseyan eruptions of 1638 and 1811. In the last 5 ka Sete Cidades was the most active central volcano in the Azores with 17 explosive eruptions predominantly with hydromagmatic character. Scoria conesThese are the most common volcanic edifices on Sete Cidades massif and were formed as a result of the accumulation of basaltic † Deceased 19 May 2012.

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“…Two of the eruptions have occurred since São Miguel was settled in the mid-fifteenth century (see Gaspar et al 2015). The first, in c. 1439-43, appeared to have been taking place when the first settlers arrived from the island of Santa Maria to land at the site of what is now the village of Povoação.…”

Section: Middle Furnas Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seismic hazard and vulnerability in São Miguel is considered in more detail by Gaspar et al (2015) and Wallenstein et al (2015). The seismic swarm in 2005 between Furnas and Fogo generated earthquakes that were felt in Furnas.…”

Section: Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter 9 The volcanic history of Furnas Volcano, São Miguel, Azores

Guest

Pacheco

Cole

et al. 2015

Memoirs

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Furnas is the easternmost of the trachytic active central volcanoes of São Miguel. Unlike the other central volcanoes, Sete Cidades and Fogo, Furnas does not have a substantial edifice built up above sea-level. Although not as dominant as the other two volcanoes, Furnas does, however, have an edifice rising from the basal basaltic lavas exposed on the north coast to around 600 m asl on the northern rim of the main caldera. In common with Sete Cidades and Fogo, Furnas had major trachytic explosive eruptions in its volcanic history that emplaced welded ignimbrites. In the last 5 ka Furnas has had 10 moderately explosive trachytic eruptions of sub-Plinian character; two of these have taken place since the island was settled in the mid-fifteenth century. A future eruption of sub-Plinian magnitude is a major hazard posed by Furnas Volcano. Even when not in eruption, Furnas is a hazardous environment. Its fumarolic fields discharge high levels of CO 2 and concentrations in some area of Furnas village present a risk to health; the steep slopes and poorly consolidated volcanic materials are prone to landslides, in particular when triggered by earthquakes or following heavy rain, as was the case in 1997, when landslides caused severe damage and casualties in Ribeira Quente.

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Chapter 12 Eruptive frequency and volcanic hazards zonation in São Miguel Island, Azores

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Geographical distance and barriers explain population genetic patterns in an endangered island perennial

Geographical distance and barriers explain population genetic patterns in an endangered island perennial

Chapter 7 Eruptive history and evolution of Sete Cidades Volcano, São Miguel Island, Azores

Chapter 9 The volcanic history of Furnas Volcano, São Miguel, Azores

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