Chapter 14. Biological Applications of Fullerenes

Bianco, Alberto; Ros, Tatiana Da

doi:10.1039/9781849732956-00507

Cited by 9 publications

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“…The exceptional physicochemical properties of the fullerene family and, above all, its main representative, C 60 , predetermine the broad practical interest in the use of these compounds. This is quite understandable: compounds with unique optical [ 2 – 4 ], electrophysical [ 5 – 7 ], mechanical [ 8 – 10 ], tribological [ 11 – 13 ], sorption [ 14 – 17 ], and biological properties [ 18 – 20 ], and even new dyes and catalysts [ 21 – 25 ], have already been discovered among functionalized fullerenes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

[2 + 1] Cycloaddition reactions of fullerene C₆₀ based on diazo compounds

Biglova¹

2021

Beilstein J. Org. Chem.

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The most common variant of fullerene core functionalization is the [2 + 1] cycloaddition process. Of these, reactions leading to methanofullerenes are the most promising. They are synthesized in two main reactions: nucleophilic cyclopropanation according to the Bingel method and thermal addition of diazo compounds. This present review summarizes the material on the synthesis of monofunctionalized methanofullerenes – analogues of [60]PCBM – based on various diazo compounds. The main cyclopropanating agents for the synthesis of monosubstituted methanofullerenes, the optimal conditions and the mechanism of the [2 + 1] cycloaddition, as well as the practical application of the target products are analyzed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

[2 + 1] Cycloaddition reactions of fullerene C₆₀ based on diazo compounds

Biglova¹

2021

Beilstein J. Org. Chem.

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“…The use of the fullerenes extends over various application areas such as electronics (e.g., electrodes, solar cells) [133] or biology and medicine (e.g., antioxidants, antiviral agents, drug and gene delivery) [134]. The probability of environmental pollution with fullerenes increases due to the increased production and commercial applications.…”

Section: Fullerenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Ecotoxicology Assessment Methods of Nanomaterials and Their Effects

Boros

Ostafe

2020

Nanomaterials

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This paper describes the ecotoxicological effects of nanomaterials (NMs) as well as their testing methods. Standard ecotoxicity testing methods are applicable to nanomaterials as well but require some adaptation. We have taken into account methods that meet several conditions. They must be properly researched by a minimum of ten scientific articles where adaptation of the method to the NMs is also presented; use organisms suitable for simple and rapid ecotoxicity testing (SSRET); have a test period shorter than 30 days; require no special equipment; have low costs and have the possibility of optimization for high-throughput screening. From the standard assays described in guidelines developed by organizations such as Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and United States Environmental Protection Agency, which meet the required conditions, we selected as methods adaptable for NMs, some methods based on algae, duckweed, amphipods, daphnids, chironomids, terrestrial plants, nematodes and earthworms. By analyzing the effects of NMs on a wide range of organisms, it has been observed that these effects can be of several categories, such as behavioral, morphological, cellular, molecular or genetic effects. By comparing the EC50 values of some NMs it has been observed that such values are available mainly for aquatic ecotoxicity, with the most sensitive test being the algae assay. The most toxic NMs overall were the silver NMs.

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“…Graphene and fullerenes are examples of carbon nanomaterials with unique electronic structures and related electrochemical properties that have opened the door to many promising applications in the field of energy storage and harvesting. − Graphene combines high surface area with high electrical conductivity, which makes it a promising supercapacitor and capacitive desalination material; ,− fullerenes, on the other hand, are characterized by their high electron affinity which makes them excellent electron acceptors, , a property that has been exploited for photovoltaics. ,− C 60 , in particular, has the ability to store up to 6 electrons in its energetically low-lying triply degenerate lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) (i.e., 0.1 electrons per carbon). ,, For comparison, this is 5–10 times higher than the interfacial capacity of graphene (∼0.01–0.02 electrons per carbon within the electrochemical stability window of water). ,− In fact, the theoretical charge storage capacitance of [60]fullerene (223 mA h/g) is similar or higher than that of today’s standard lithium-ion battery electrode materials (177 mA h/g for LiFePO 4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Fullerenes as Electron Acceptors in 3D Graphene Networks: Enhanced Charge Transfer and Stability through Molecular Design

Cerón

Zhan

Campbell

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Here, we report a concept that allows the integration of the characteristic properties of [60]fullerene in 3D graphene networks. In these systems, graphene provides high electrical conductivity and surface area while fullerenes add high electron affinity. We use molecular design to optimize the interaction between 3D graphene networks and fullerenes, specifically in the context of stability and charge transfer in an electrochemical environment. We demonstrated that the capacity of the 3D graphene network is significantly improved upon the addition of C60 and C60 monoadducts by providing additional acceptor states in the form of low-lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals of C60 and its derivative. Guided by experimental results and first-principles calculations, we synthesized and tested a C60 monoadduct with increased stability by strengthening the 3D graphene–C60 van-der-Waals interactions. The synthesis method and stabilization strategy presented here is expected to benefit the integration of graphene–C60 hybrid materials in solar cell and charge storage applications.

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Chapter 14. Biological Applications of Fullerenes

Cited by 9 publications

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[2 + 1] Cycloaddition reactions of fullerene C₆₀ based on diazo compounds

[2 + 1] Cycloaddition reactions of fullerene C₆₀ based on diazo compounds

Evaluation of Ecotoxicology Assessment Methods of Nanomaterials and Their Effects

Integration of Fullerenes as Electron Acceptors in 3D Graphene Networks: Enhanced Charge Transfer and Stability through Molecular Design

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Chapter 14. Biological Applications of Fullerenes

Cited by 9 publications

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[2 + 1] Cycloaddition reactions of fullerene C60 based on diazo compounds

[2 + 1] Cycloaddition reactions of fullerene C60 based on diazo compounds

Evaluation of Ecotoxicology Assessment Methods of Nanomaterials and Their Effects

Integration of Fullerenes as Electron Acceptors in 3D Graphene Networks: Enhanced Charge Transfer and Stability through Molecular Design

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[2 + 1] Cycloaddition reactions of fullerene C₆₀ based on diazo compounds

[2 + 1] Cycloaddition reactions of fullerene C₆₀ based on diazo compounds