Chapter 3 Prevention of sarcopenia

Kuzuya, Masafumi; Sugimoto, Ken; Suzuki, Takao; Watanabe, Yuya; Kamibayashi, Kiyotaka; Kurihara, Toshiyuki; Fujimoto, Masahiro; Arai, Hidenori

doi:10.1111/ggi.13321

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Subsequently, in October 2016, sarcopenia was included in the ICD‐10 (M62.84) and was internationally recognized as a disease . The Japanese Association on Sarcopenia and Frailty and the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology jointly published clinical guidelines for sarcopenia in 2017, which have been translated into English . Nevertheless, a large number of research groups exist worldwide, and their definitions and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia vary.…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 The Japanese Association on Sarcopenia and Frailty and the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology jointly published clinical guidelines for sarcopenia in 2017, which have been translated into English. [5][6][7][8] Nevertheless, a large number of research groups exist worldwide, and their definitions and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia vary. Although skeletal muscle mass is an indispensable criterion for the diagnosis of sarcopenia, reduced muscle strength (grip strength) and/or reduced physical function (walking speed) are adopted, as required, when diagnosing muscular functions.…”

Section: Background and Purposementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sarcopenia and dysphagia: Position paper by four professional organizations

Fujishima¹,

Fujiu-Kurachi

Arai

et al. 2019

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

Self Cite

304

255

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This report was written by the Japanese Society of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, the Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Nutrition, the Japanese Association on Sarcopenia and Frailty, and the Society of Swallowing and Dysphagia of Japan to consolidate the currently available evidence on the topics of sarcopenia and dysphagia. Histologically, the swallowing muscles are of different embryological origin from somatic muscles, and receive constant input stimulation from the respiratory center. Although the swallowing muscles are striated, their characteristics are different from those of skeletal muscles. The swallowing muscles are inevitably affected by malnutrition and disuse; accumulating evidence is available regarding the influence of malnutrition on the swallowing muscles. Sarcopenic dysphagia is defined as dysphagia caused by sarcopenia of the whole body and swallowing‐related muscles. When sarcopenia does not exist in the entire body, the term “sarcopenic dysphagia” should not be used. Additionally, sarcopenia due to neuromuscular diseases should be excluded; however, aging and secondary sarcopenia after inactivity, malnutrition and disease (wasting disorder and cachexia) are included in sarcopenic dysphagia. The treatment of dysphagia due to sarcopenia requires both dysphagia rehabilitation, such as resistance training of the swallowing muscles and nutritional intervention. However, the fundamental issue of how dysphagia caused by sarcopenia of the swallowing muscles should be diagnosed remains unresolved. Furthermore, whether dysphagia can be caused by primary sarcopenia should be clarified. Additionally, more discussion is required on issues such as the relationship between dysphagia and secondary sarcopenia, as well as the diagnostic criteria and means for diagnosing dysphagia caused by sarcopenia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 91–97.

show abstract

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background and Purposementioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia and dysphagia: Position paper by four professional organizations

Fujishima¹,

Fujiu-Kurachi

Arai

et al. 2019

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

Self Cite

304

255

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several recent guidelines for older adults show that increased physical activity and resistance training provide various health benefits . Epidemiological studies have highlighted the positive effects of performing resistance training.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies reported the connection between dietary protein intake and the maintenance of muscle mass, muscle strength, and/or performance in community‐dwelling older adults. Clinical guidelines for sarcopenia, supported by the Japanese Association on Sarcopenia and Frailty, recommend proper nutritional intake in addition to exercise for prevention and/or improvement of sarcopenia . Furthermore, oral function, such as feeding and swallowing, is an important factor for nutrition intake .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive geriatric intervention in community‐dwelling older adults: a cluster‐randomized controlled trial

Watanabe

Yamada

Yoshida

et al. 2020

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background In longevity societies, one of the most serious social issues is sarcopenia and/or frailty. Preventing them is important for maintaining independence and quality of life in the older population. This study investigated the effect of a self‐monitoring comprehensive geriatric intervention programme (CGIP) on physical function and muscle size in community‐dwelling older adults. We compared the effects of a CGIP using weekly class‐styled (CS) sessions and a home‐based (HB) programme. Methods The 526 participants were randomized into one of two groups (CS 251, HB 275) based on their residential districts. We conducted a 12 week CGIP, which consisted of low‐load resistance exercise, physical activity increments, oral function improvements, and a nutritional guide. All participants were encouraged to attend two 90 min lectures that included instructions on the CGIP. They were provided with exercise materials (triaxial‐accelerometers/pedometers, ankle weights, and elastic bands) and diary logs. The CS group attended 90 min weekly sessions and independently executed the programme on other days, whereas the HB group only received instructions on how to execute the programme. Physical functions, such as knee extension strength (KES), normal and maximum walking speed, the timed up‐and‐go test, and anterior thigh muscle thickness (MT), were measured and analysed using intention‐to‐treat analysis before and after the 12 week intervention. Results Of the 526 participants identified, 517 (CS 243 age 74.0 ± 5.4 women 57.2%, HB 274 age 74.0 ± 5.6 women 58.8%) were enrolled. Nine (CS 8, HB 1) were excluded from the analysis because they did not participate in the pre‐intervention measurements. Both interventions significantly improved KES (CS 18.5%, HB 10.6%), normal walking speed (CS 3.7%, HB 2.8%), and MT (CS 3.2%, HB 3.5%). Greater improvement of KES was observed in the CS group (P = 0.003). Maximum walking speed (CS 4.7%, HB 1.8%; P = 0.001) and timed up‐and‐go (CS −4.7%, HB −0.2%; P < 0.001) significantly improved in the CS group only. Conclusions The intervention was effective in preventing sarcopenia and/or frailty. Most physical functions and MT improved after both interventions. The HB intervention is cost‐effective and may help prevent sarcopenia and/or frailty in the large older population.

show abstract

“…The EWGSOP paper has been greatly contributed to the sarcopenia research and their paper has been cited more than 1000 times. Recently, we have published the sarcopenia clinical guidelines in Japan for the first time in the world [5][6][7][8]. By conducting systematic review, we found that more and more evidence is required to fill the gap of knowledge in various clinical settings and to provide the data on how to prevent and treat sarcopenia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%