“…Suffering two nuclear attacks and being defeated arguably constitutes such cultural trauma and it is thus no surprise that all three events loom large in the Japanese collective memory. However, as "history" it is highly selective and, as I have argued elsewhere (Kirsch 2019), what is remembered and what is forgotten, becomes crucial and can change along with the concurrent politics of memory. One constant in Japan"s shifting memory politics is the "The Imperial Rescript on Surrender" (gyokuon hōsō, lit.…”