Chapter 4. The Media and Language Maintenance

Cormack, Mike

doi:10.21832/9781853599651-004

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…In conclusion, we have illustrated that crowdsourcing speech data using smartphones is a useful method for low-resource languages to develop resources for computational methods [10,11]. Given the support of a few high-resource languages in commercial companies, smaller languages who wish to ensure digital vitality may source data from the language community to collect low-cost large data sets for the development of language technologies [3,5,6,8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, small and low-resource languages may find themselves marginalized in terms of the availability of digital resources, leaving speakers at risk of being excluded economically and socially. The importance of electronic technologies in smaller languages is argued to be essential for ensuring a language progresses and avoids digital extinction [5][6][7]. The risk of digital extinction to smaller languages has featured extensively in the European Digital Language Diversity Project (DLDP).…”

Section: Challenges For Speech Technology and Low-resource Languagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crowdsourcing the Paldaruo Speech Corpus of Welsh for Speech Technology

2019

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Collecting speech data for a low-resource language is challenging when funding and resources are limited. This paper describes the process of designing, creating and using the Paldaruo Speech Corpus for developing speech technology for Welsh. Specifically, this paper focuses on the crowdsourcing of data using an app on smartphones and mobile devices, allowing speakers from across Wales to contribute. We discuss the development of reading prompts: isolated words and full sentences, as well as the metadata collected from contributors. We also provide background on the design of the Paldaruo App as well as the main uses for the corpus and its availability and licensing. The corpus was designed for the development of speech recognition for Welsh and has been used to create a number of other resources. These methods can be extended to other languages, and suggestions for other low-resource languages are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Challenges For Speech Technology and Low-resource Languagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crowdsourcing the Paldaruo Speech Corpus of Welsh for Speech Technology

2019

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“…Others have suggested instead that language may fulfil symbolic rather than informative functions, such as media branding (Narbaiza et al 2013) or standing as a symbol of ethnic belonging (Dolowy-Rybinska 2013), prestige (Smith 2016) or "cool" (Maher 2005 (Ang et al 2002;Gillespie 1995;Hargreaves 2001;Hargreaves & Mahdjoub 1997;Madianou 2005;Milikowski 2001;Rios & Gaines 1997, 1998and Wilkin et al 2007) that few ethnic minority groups consume media only in their minority languagemost also use dominant language media. Indeed, Cormack (2007) rightly asks: why do bilingual audience members choose to consume their media in one language or another? Markelin and Husband (2013) and Husband (2005) further demonstrate that it can be difficult in practice to prioritise language preservation when an ethnic minority group is fractured by diverse languages and cultures (as are Pacific peoples in New Zealand).…”

Section: Pacific Media In Aotearoa New Zealandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contested language use in ethnic media: a case study of New Zealand’s Pacific media

Ross

2019

Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development

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Tara Ross is a senior lecturer and head of the journalism programme at the University of Canterbury, where she is also a research fellow with the Macmillan Brown Centre for Pacific Studies. She was an award-winning senior reporter for The Press and the Sunday Star-Times newspapers, and has worked as both a freelance writer and editor, as well as for community news publications. She is of Pākehā and Tuvaluan descent, and studies journalism, diversity issues, ethnic minorities and Pacific media. @taraross_nz, orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-711X Word count: 6709 (including footnotes & excluding references) Contested language use in ethnic media: A case study of New Zealand's Pacific mediaNew Zealand's Pacific communities face significant generational language loss and their media are increasingly produced in English, raising questions about the centrality of language for ethnic media and their audiences. By drawing on semistructured interviews with 23 media producers, this study finds tensions within and between Pacific-language and English-language media over the use of Pacific languages. It suggests that language is a strategic resource of identity in Pacific media that is shaped by a dialectic of internal and external identification.Rather than viewing ethnic media language practices as simply about language preservation or translating information for migrants, this paper suggests we examine language as a way that media producers intentionally perform their identity and legitimate Pacific media production.

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“…In this scheme, media are a vital tool to enhance and develop linguistic resources and expand the speech community (cf. Cormack 2007; Hourigan 2007) – they are an internal tool for managing within the community. Language is perceived as valuable and instrumental for community survival and a primary marker of a speaker's identity.…”

Section: The Service Eramentioning

confidence: 99%

Gifting, service, and performance: three eras in minority‐language media policy and practice

Pietikäinen

Kelly‐Holmes

2011

Int J App Linguistics

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Adapting Tom Ricento's (2006) three‐era framework in language policy to the case of the Sámi in Finland and Irish in the Republic of Ireland, we identify three key eras in the development of minority‐language media: the gifting era, the service era, and the performance era. Each era has its own particular logic and normativities in relation to the value and functions allocated to minority‐language media, the key actors involved in these media, and concepts of languages and speakers. Although we observe a chronology in the evolution of these eras, previous eras do not simply disappear with this evolution. We argue instead that they are embedded in any single moment of media engagement in relation to minority languages and with implications for speakers. Soveltaen Tom Ricenton (2006) kolmen aikakauden viitekehystä, tarkastelemme tässä artikkelissa vähemmistökielisen median kehittymisen kolmea keskeistä aikakautta: lahjan aikakautta, palvelun aikakautta ja performanssin aikakautta. Tapaustutkimuksemme liittyvät saamenkieliseen mediaan Suomessa ja iirinkieliseen mediaan Irlannissa. Tuomme artikkelissamme esille, kuinka jokaisella aikakaudella on oma logiikkansa ja normatiivisuutensa, jotka organisoivat vähemmistökieliin liittyviä arvostuksia ja toiminnallisuutta, keskeisiä mediatoimijoita sekä käsityksiä kielistä ja niiden puhujista. Vaikka näiden aikakausien kehittymisessä voidaan huomata tiettyä kronologisuutta, aikaisemmat aikakaudet eivät yksinkertaisesti häviä tässä kehitysprosessissa. Jokainen aikakausi on mukana puhuttaessa median suhteesta vähemmistökieliin ja tällä puolestaan on vaikutuksia kielten puhujiin.

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Chapter 4. The Media and Language Maintenance

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Crowdsourcing the Paldaruo Speech Corpus of Welsh for Speech Technology

Crowdsourcing the Paldaruo Speech Corpus of Welsh for Speech Technology

Contested language use in ethnic media: a case study of New Zealand’s Pacific media

Gifting, service, and performance: three eras in minority‐language media policy and practice

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