Chapter 45 The Role of International Agricultural Research in Contributing to Global Food Security and Poverty Alleviation: The case of the CGIAR

Pingali, Prabhu; Kelley, Tim

doi:10.1016/s1574-0072(06)03045-3

Cited by 17 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Although it contributes less than 5% of the total global agricultural research budget, the CGIAR has played a fundamental role in helping spur agricultural growth and poverty reduction in developing countries (Pingali and Kelley, 2007). Evenson and Gollin (2003) estimate that the productivity gains from crop germplasm improvement alone averaged 1.0% per annum for wheat (across all regions), 0.8% for rice, 0.7% for maize, and 0.5% and 0.6% for sorghum and millet, respectively.…”

Section: Global Agriculture Randd: Record Of Past Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evenson (2001) in his review of over 100 studies estimating rates of return to research came to a similar conclusion. However, there is evidence that the impact of CGIAR research has been highly variable across research and geographic area (Kelley and Gregersen, 2005; Pingali and Kelley, 2007; Raitzer, 2003). The differential impact of CGIAR investments is discussed later in this section.…”

Section: Global Agriculture Randd: Record Of Past Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consumer tastes may be so highly location specific in some cases, such as beans in Africa, to make it difficult to develop widely accepted varieties even within a particular country (Sperling et al, 1993). national agriculture research systems (NARS) programs have generally used varieties or crosses made in the CGIAR centers as parents for the development of varieties that are more closely adapted to particular agro‐ecological environments or specific taste preferences (Pingali and Kelley, 2007).…”

Section: Global Agriculture Randd: Record Of Past Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large proportion of varietal transfers take the form of adaptive transfers, where advanced breeding materials are adapted to particular production environments. The CGIAR has contributed significantly to the improvement of research efficiency and to the reduction of research costs by enabling such adaptive transfers (Pingali and Kelley, 2007). It often takes a long time for knowledge to be developed through research and then adopted.…”

Section: Global Agriculture Randd: Record Of Past Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike the case for crop genetic improvement, the documented evidence of the impact of NRM research in the CGIAR is extremely limited, at least when considering moderate‐ to large‐scale effects (Kelley and Gregersen, 2005; Pingali and Kelley, 2007). A review of the literature by Pingali (2001) found relatively few “crop management and improved input use” and other NRM‐related CGIAR impact studies to date, a finding that corroborates an earlier review by Byerlee and Pingali (1994).…”

Section: Global Agriculture Randd: Record Of Past Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global agriculture R&D and the changing aid architecture

Pingali

2010

Agricultural Economics

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Agriculture research knowledge and technology that transcends national borders has played a crucial role in enhancing developing country productivity growth over the past 50 years. The demand for international agriculture research (IAR) continues to be strong today even while becoming increasingly differentiated by the stage of development that a particular country or region is in. The supply of IAR to developing country research programs is, however, becoming increasingly constrained by: variable donor support; a push toward downstream product adaptation and dissemination activities relative to innovation and product development; and a lack of clear links between international public good research and national agriculture development priorities. Country-level donor coordination and alignment mechanisms, specified in the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness, do not explicitly account for the role of IAR in the development process. While the movement toward national ownership of its development agenda and donor alignment around it is unquestionably good, an unintended consequence could be a break in the R&D pipeline that supplies public good research and technologies for enhancing developing country agriculture productivity growth. The article presents options for rebuilding synergies between international public good research and national agriculture development priorities. Copyright (c) 2010 International Association of Agricultural Economists.

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Section: Global Agriculture Randd: Record Of Past Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Global Agriculture Randd: Record Of Past Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Global Agriculture Randd: Record Of Past Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Global Agriculture Randd: Record Of Past Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Global Agriculture Randd: Record Of Past Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global agriculture R&D and the changing aid architecture

Pingali

2010

Agricultural Economics

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Fifty years of a public cassava breeding program: evolution of breeding objectives, methods, and decision-making processes

Ceballos

Hershey²,

Iglesias

et al. 2021

Theor Appl Genet

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This paper reviews and analyzes key features from cassava breeding at the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) over 50 years and draws lessons for public breeding efforts broadly. The breeding team, jointly with national program partners and the private processing sector, defined breeding objectives and guiding business plans. These have evolved through the decades and currently focus on four global product profiles. The recurrent selection method also evolved and included innovations such as estimation of phenotypic breeding values, increasing the number of locations in the first stage of agronomic evaluations, gradual reduction of the duration of breeding cycles (including rapid cycling for high-heritability traits), the development of protocols for the induction of flowering, and the introduction of genome-wide predictions. The impact of cassava breeding depends significantly on the type of target markets. When roots are used for large processing facilities for starch, animal feeding or ethanol production (such as in SE Asia), the adoption of improved varieties is nearly universal and productivity at the regional scale increases significantly. When markets and relevant infrastructure are weak or considerable proportion of the production goes for local artisanal processing and on-farm consumption, the impact has been lower. The potential of novel breeding tools needs to be properly assessed for the most effective allocation of resources. Finally, a brief summary of challenges and opportunities for the future of cassava breeding is presented. The paper describes multiple ways that public and private sector breeding programs can learn from each other to optimize success.

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The economics of agricultural innovation

Alston

Pardey

2021

Handbook of Agricultural Economics

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Chapter 45 The Role of International Agricultural Research in Contributing to Global Food Security and Poverty Alleviation: The case of the CGIAR

Cited by 17 publications

References 20 publications

Global agriculture R&D and the changing aid architecture

Global agriculture R&D and the changing aid architecture

Fifty years of a public cassava breeding program: evolution of breeding objectives, methods, and decision-making processes

The economics of agricultural innovation

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