Chapter 5 Comparative Analysis of Monitoring Devices for Particulate Content in Exhaust Gases

Castellani, Beatrice; Morini, Elena; Filipponi, Mirko; Nicolini, Andrea; Palombo, Massimo; Cotana, Franco; Rossi, Federico

doi:10.1201/9781315366074-6

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“…Particulate matter (PM) emitted from stationary power generation, fluidized beds, utility boilers, and industrial applications has drawn extensive attention due to its adverse effect on the environment and human health . A light-scattering method (LSM) and a light-extinction method (LEM) are the most widely applied methods for measuring particle concentration of these stationary sources, which conquer > 90% of the market because of their advantages of fast response and being noninvasive. , On the basis of the light/mass interference in the Mie regime, LSM relies on measuring the scattering light of dusty aerosols, which is directly related to particle concentration; it provides high accuracy at low concentrations but is quite sensitive to the variation of the particle-size distribution (PSD). , LEM quantifies average particle concentration by measuring the attenuation degree of the incident light after it passes through particle clouds; it relies on a simple optical structure, but the extinction-to-mass sensitivity of traditional systems is generally limited by the light-path length. , …”

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confidence: 99%

Combined Light Extinction and Scattering Measurement for Measuring a Low-Particulate-Mass Concentration with a White Cell-Based Optical System

et al. 2020

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On the basis of a white cell optical system coupled with two wavelengths of 638 and 520 nm, a combined extinction− scattering method was developed to alleviate the effect of particle-size variation on measuring a low particle concentration by light extinction. Due to the chromatic dispersion behavior of the optical lens in the system, the white cell-based optical system was able to provide the extinction signal at a wavelength of 638 nm as well as the forward scattering-light signal at a wavelength of 520 nm. These performances were validated by the real-time responses of the optical signals to the experimentally measured particle concentration in optical measurements with a polydispersed silica aerosol. Analyzing the real-time response between the extinction signal and the scattering-light signal, an excellent linear correlation between the extinction-to-scattering ratio and the experimentally measured mass median diameter (MMD) of the aerosol was successfully obtained; on the basis of this correlation, the average particle size in the range of 0.7−1.1 μm was well-predicted from the response of the extinction signal to the scattering-light signal and used to characterize the extinction−mass correlation for concentration measurement. Compared to the empirically calculated concentrations, the size-corrected calculations agreed better with the experimental value. It validated that the size effect in measuring a low particle concentration by light extinction could be decreased with the combined extinction−scattering measurements using the white cell-based optical system.

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