Chapter 8 Ibotenic acid lesions of the superior colliculus produce longer lasting deficits in visual orienting behavior than aspiration lesions in the cat

Rosenquist, Alan C.; Ciaramitaro, Vivian; Durmer, Jeffrey S.; Wallace, Steven F.; Todd, Wendy E.

doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63324-5

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The crossed tectoreticular pathway has been suggested to be involved in the control of orienting responses based on the following evidence: (1) repetitive electrical stimulation of the SC induces contraversive orienting responses (Cowie and Robinson, 1994; Corneil et al, 2002) and that of the medial pontomedullary reticular formation induces ipsiversive orienting responses (Cowie and Robinson, 1994); (2) lesion or reversible inactivation of the SC (Rosenquist et al, 1996; Quaia et al, 1998) or medial pontomedullary reticular formation (Isa and Sasaki, 1988) impairs orienting responses; (3) single unit recordings either from the SC (Sparks, 1975, 1978) or the medial pontomedullary reticular formation (Grantyn and Berthoz, 1987; Isa and Naito, 1995; Isa and Sasaki, 2002) reveal the existence of neurons that show increased firing preceding the orienting response; and (4) anatomically, the medial pontomedullary reticular formation receives massive inputs from the intermediate and deep layers of the contralateral SC (Kawamura and Brodal, 1973; Huerta and Harting, 1982). Thus, there is overwhelming evidence that the tectoreticular pathway plays a major role in the control of orienting responses (Sparks, 1986; Isa and Sasaki, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral vector-mediated selective and reversible blockade of the pathway for visual orienting in mice

Sooksawate¹,

Isa²,

Matsui³

et al. 2013

Front. Neural Circuits

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Recently, by using a combination of two viral vectors, we developed a technique for pathway-selective and reversible synaptic transmission blockade, and successfully induced a behavioral deficit of dexterous hand movements in macaque monkeys by affecting a population of spinal interneurons. To explore the capacity of this technique to work in other pathways and species, and to obtain fundamental methodological information, we tried to block the crossed tecto-reticular pathway, which is known to control orienting responses to visual targets, in mice. A neuron-specific retrograde gene transfer vector with the gene encoding enhanced tetanus neurotoxin (eTeNT) tagged with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the control of a tetracycline responsive element was injected into the left medial pontine reticular formation. 7–17 days later, an adeno-associated viral vector with a highly efficient Tet-ON sequence, rtTAV16, was injected into the right superior colliculus. 5–9 weeks later, the daily administration of doxycycline (Dox) was initiated. Visual orienting responses toward the left side were impaired 1–4 days after Dox administration. Anti-GFP immunohistochemistry revealed that a number of neurons in the intermediate and deep layers of the right superior colliculus were positively stained, indicating eTeNT expression. After the termination of Dox administration, the anti-GFP staining returned to the baseline level within 28 days. A second round of Dox administration, starting from 28 days after the termination of the first Dox administration, resulted in the reappearance of the behavioral impairment. These findings showed that pathway-selective and reversible blockade of synaptic transmission also causes behavioral effects in rodents, and that the crossed tecto-reticular pathway clearly controls visual orienting behaviors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral vector-mediated selective and reversible blockade of the pathway for visual orienting in mice

Sooksawate¹,

Isa²,

Matsui³

et al. 2013

Front. Neural Circuits

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“…We also sought to determine the impact of unilateral and bilateral collicular deactivations on the analyses of visual and aural space. Previous studies have shown that unilateral collicular destruction induces a neglect of visual stimuli introduced into the contralateral visual field (Sprague et al, 1961; Sprague and Meikle, 1965; Rosenquist et al, 1996); a result confirmed by cooling deactivation (Lomber et al, 1996; Payne et al, 1996). However, contrary to expectation, additional cooling of the opposite superior colliculus reverses the initial deficit and orienting performance is virtually normal in both hemifields (Lomber and Payne, 1996).…”

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confidence: 89%

Role of the superior colliculus in analyses of space: Superficial and intermediate layer contributions to visual orienting, auditory orienting, and visuospatial discriminations during unilateral and bilateral deactivations

Lomber

Payne

Cornwell

2001

J of Comparative Neurology

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The superior colliculus (SC) has been implicated in spatial analyses of the environment, although few behavioral studies have explicitly tested this role. To test its imputed role in spatial analyses, we used a battery of four spatial tasks combined with unilateral and bilateral cooling deactivation of the upper and intermediate layers of the superior colliculus. We tested the abilities of cats to orient to three different stimuli: (1) moving visual, (2) stationary visual, (3) stationary white-noise aural. Furthermore, we tested the ability of the cats to discriminate the relative spatial position of a landmark. Unilateral cooling deactivation of the superficial layers of the SC induced a profound neglect of both moving and stationary visual stimuli presented in, and landmark objects located within, the contralateral hemifield. However, responses to auditory stimuli were unimpaired. Unilateral cooling deactivation of both the superficial and intermediate layers induced a profound contralateral neglect of the auditory stimulus. Additional and equivalent deactivation of the opposite SC largely restored orienting to either moving visual or auditory stimuli, and restored landmark position reporting to normal levels. However, during bilateral SC deactivation, orienting to the static visual stimulus was abolished throughout the entire visual field. Overall, unilateral SC deactivation results show that the upper and intermediate layers of the SC contribute in different ways to guiding behavioral responses to visual and auditory stimuli cues. Finally, bilateral superior colliculus deactivations reveal that other structures are sufficient to support spatial analyses and guide visual behaviors in the absence of neural operations in the superior colliculus, but only under certain circumstances.

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“…Evidence from animal models suggests that many of the behavioural sequelae associated with visual neglect may result not solely from the size of the lesion, but also from a pathological state of increased inhibition exerted on the damaged hemisphere by the contralesional hemisphere [29,33,53,59]. In 1966 Sprague [59] first described the effect that now bears his name: neglect induced by a cortical lesion can be cancelled by a contralateral lesion of the midbrain superior colliculus.This phenomenon is broadly consistent with the Kinsbourne's theory [25], according to which transcallosal inhibitory networks in humans potentiate rival mechanisms in neural circuits in the two hemispheres to permit visuospatial redirection of attention to emerge.…”

Section: Competing Connectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Neglect by TMS

Fierro

Brighina

Bisiach

2006

Behavioural Neurology

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Hemispatial neglect refers to the defective ability of patients to explore or act upon the side of space contralateral to the lesion and to attend to stimuli presented in that portion of space. Evidence from animal models suggests that many of the behavioural sequelae associated with visual neglect may result not solely from the size of the lesion, but also from a pathological state of increased inhibition exerted on the damaged hemisphere by the contralesional hemisphere. On the basis of these potential mechanisms underlying neglect, in this review we discuss therapeutic approaches, focusing particularly on recent research using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). This technique, besides representing an ideal tool to investigate visuo-spatial attentive mechanisms in humans, has shown promising beneficial effects that might have an impact on clinical practice.

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Chapter 8 Ibotenic acid lesions of the superior colliculus produce longer lasting deficits in visual orienting behavior than aspiration lesions in the cat

Cited by 13 publications

References 43 publications

Viral vector-mediated selective and reversible blockade of the pathway for visual orienting in mice

Viral vector-mediated selective and reversible blockade of the pathway for visual orienting in mice

Role of the superior colliculus in analyses of space: Superficial and intermediate layer contributions to visual orienting, auditory orienting, and visuospatial discriminations during unilateral and bilateral deactivations

Improving Neglect by TMS

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