Chapter 8: Particle Diagnostics

Kislyakov, A.I.; Donné, A. J. H.; Krupnik, L. I.; Medley, S. S.; Петров, М. П.

doi:10.13182/fst08-a1680

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…In ITER γ -diagnostics could play a role similar to that presently played on JET. The primary application of the diagnostics is time-resolved spatial measurements of γ -ray emission to derive • the α-particle birth profile by means of the reaction D(t, γ ) 5 He; • the profile of fast confined alpha particles by measuring the 9 Be(α, nγ ) 12 C reaction; • fast ion confinement effects during ICRF or/and NBI heating; • bremsstrahlung hard x-ray profile for runaways.…”

Section: General Concept Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to protect the γ -detectors from intensive neutron radiation the collimators in front of them must be plugged by special neutron attenuators (see below). Fusion α-particle diagnostics is based on the D(T, γ ) 5 He and 9 Be(α, nγ ) 12 C reactions. The main idea of this technique consists of a comparison of both the 3.5 MeV α-particle birth profile (17 MeV γ -rays) and profile of the confined slowed down α-particles from 1.9 MeV (due to the minimum energy required to produce 4.44 MeV γ -rays; see table 1).…”

Section: General Concept Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not only γ -spectroscopy but also other diagnostics are of interest for fast particle studies. These include collective Thomson scattering, charge exchange recombination spectroscopy (CXRS), neutral particle analyser (NPA) and neutron diagnostics [2][3][4][5][6]. Among them, the first one cannot distinguish particles having the same charge to mass (Z/A) ratio, while the second one has difficulties in exploring central plasma regions and reaching sufficiently high signalto-noise ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The alpha particle birth profile can be reconstructed from tomographic measurements of 16.7 MeV γ s from the reaction D(t, γ ) 5 He, which is the weak branch of the main thermonuclear DT reaction (γ /n branch ratio is ∼1.2 × 10 −4 [13]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of gamma-ray diagnostics for ITER

et al. 2011

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Gamma-ray spectrometry provides diagnostics of fast ion behavior in plasmas of large tokamaks. Information acquiring with the gamma-ray diagnostics gives possibility to identify and distinguish simultaneously presence of fast α-particles and other ions (H, D, T, 3 He), to obtain its relative densities and also to perform tomographic radial profile reconstruction of the gamma-emission sources. Vertical ports absence in ITER makes much more complicated to develop the implementation of tomographic neutron and gamma-ray reconstruction systems. At the moment it is suggested to use divertor port for vertical viewpoint implementation. Strong magnetic field (order of 2T) in divertor port makes it hardly possible to use conventional multi-dynode photomultipliers as light detectors in vertical neutron and gamma detection systems, so it is suggested to use micro-channel plate photomultipliers instead. It has been carried out investigations of magnetic field impact on the performance of the gamma-spectrometer with the micro-channel photomultiplier used as a light detector. Since developed in Ioffe Institute high speed technique of detector pulse height analysis allows tracing of changing in the photomultiplier gain, these tests demonstrated feasibility of using the micro-channel photomultiplier based detectors for gamma spectrometric measurements in the divertor port zone.

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Section: General Concept Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Concept Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of gamma-ray diagnostics for ITER

et al. 2011

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“…A dedicated set of diagnostics have been developed for the task of diagnosing fast ions [4]. The ED function of fast ions can be measured with neutral particle analysers [5]. Mirnov coils displaced along the toroidal and poloidal direction allow measuring the mode frequencies and identifying the associated toroidal and poloidal mode numbers [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of physical parameters of fast particles in high power fusion plasmas with high resolution neutron and gamma-ray spectroscopy

Tardocchi¹,

Nocente

Gorini

2013

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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High resolution neutron emission spectroscopy (NES) and gamma-ray spectroscopy (GRS) measurements of fast ions in high power fusion plasmas are reviewed. NES is a well established diagnostics of the velocity distribution of fast fuel ions and was recently used to investigate the interaction of energetic ions with MHD instabilities. High energy resolution GRS on fusion plasmas is a more recent application and was shown to provide information on the distribution function of fast minority ions accelerated by ICRH, such as 4 He and 3 He. Starting from measurements on today's high power D plasmas, fast ion measurements with NES and GRS in a DT burning plasma of next step tokamaks, such as ITER, are discussed. The enhanced neutron and gamma-ray fluxes expected on ITER will allow for time-resolved measurements of the fast fuel and minority ion dynamics in the ms time scale. The intensity of the alpha knock-on component in the 14 MeV neutron spectrum and of the 4.44 and 3.21 MeV gamma-ray peaks from the 9 Be(α,nγ ) 12 C reaction is studied as a diagnostics for the α particle slowing down distribution in a DT plasma. The results show that the two techniques are sensitive to different regions of the α particle phase space and thus provide complementary information.

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