Chapter V Isolation, Purification and Maintenance of Yeasts

Beech, F. W.; Davenport, R. R.

doi:10.1016/s0580-9517(09)70010-8

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…All of the bacterial strains isolated in this study were obtained by the streak plate method described elsewhere [17]. All of the strains grew in 10% NaCl with the exception of one strain isolated from Discovery Deep.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic and apoptotic evaluations of marine bacteria isolated from brine-seawater interface of the Red Sea

Sagar

Esau

Hikmawan

et al. 2013

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundHigh salinity and temperature combined with presence of heavy metals and low oxygen renders deep-sea anoxic brines of the Red Sea as one of the most extreme environments on Earth. The ability to adapt and survive in these extreme environments makes inhabiting bacteria interesting candidates for the search of novel bioactive molecules.MethodsTotal 20 i.e. lipophilic (chloroform) and hydrophilic (70% ethanol) extracts of marine bacteria isolated from brine-seawater interface of the Red Sea were tested for cytotoxic and apoptotic activity against three human cancer cell lines, i.e. HeLa (cervical carcinoma), MCF-7 (Breast Adenocarcinoma) and DU145 (Prostate carcinoma).ResultsAmong these, twelve extracts were found to be very active after 24 hours of treatment, which were further evaluated for their cytotoxic and apoptotic effects at 48 hr. The extracts from the isolates P1-37B and P3-37A (Halomonas) and P1-17B (Sulfitobacter) have been found to be the most potent against tested cancer cell lines.ConclusionOverall, bacterial isolates from the Red Sea displayed promising results and can be explored further to find novel drug-like molecules. The cell line specific activity of the extracts may be attributed to the presence of different polarity compounds or the cancer type i.e. biological differences in cell lines and different mechanisms of action of programmed cell death prevalent in different cancer cell lines.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic and apoptotic evaluations of marine bacteria isolated from brine-seawater interface of the Red Sea

Sagar

Esau

Hikmawan

et al. 2013

BMC Complement Altern Med

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“…The most relevant bacteria isolated from sourdough belonged to the genus Lactobacillus (Stolz 2003). Various yeast strains have also been isolated from spontaneous sourdough fermentations such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia satoi (Beech and Davenport 1971). There have been several reports (Okada et al 1992; Oura et al 1982; Spicher 1984; Spicher and Schroder 1978, 1980) of lactobacilli occurring among the dominant microbial population in sourdough where they contribute to dough fermentation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of bhatooru, a traditional fermented food of Himachal Pradesh: microbiological and biochemical aspects

Savitri

Bhalla

2012

3 Biotech

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A number of traditional fermented products are prepared and consumed in Himachal and the types of traditional fermented products of Himachal are unique and different from other areas. Bhatooru is an indigenous leavened bread or roti and constitutes the staple diet of rural population of Himachal. The microbiological analysis of the inoculums (malera) revealed that it composed of a consortium of microorganisms. Population of Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc and Saccharomyces cerevisiae increased from 4.77 to 8.0 log cfu/g of dry matter in 10 h of fermentation. The amount of total proteins increased from 13.6 to 18.4 % (w/w). The total sugars during fermentation decreased from 74.1 to 50.1 % (w/w) on dry weight basis. However, the reducing sugar level of the fermenting samples increased significantly from 7.8 to 16.5 mg/g dry matter in the first 4 h and thereafter, it gradually decreased to 10.0 mg/g dry matter. Similarly starch content decreased from 70.2 to 48.3 % (w/w) on dry weight basis by 10 h of fermentation. In fermented samples protease activity increased from 0.48 U/g dry matter to 11.5 U/g in 6 h and then decreased to 3.21 U/g on dry weight basis at 10 h. Amylase activity initially increased from 65.0 to 79.4 U to 6 h and then declined to 69.9 U/g of dry matter. Fermentation in bhatooru significantly enhanced the B vitamin levels especially thiamine, riboflavin and nicotinic acid and essential amino acids viz methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, lysine and leucine.

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“…In contrast, the bioactive metabolites producing marine microorganisms are cultivable and can be easily manipulated in bioreactors [64]. In general, most of the bacterial strains were obtained previously by using the common streak plate method on nutrient agar plate [65]. Moreover, optimum cultivation conditions are mandatory for microbial growth and production of specific metabolites.…”

Section: Marine Microorganisms Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Sea Microbial Diversity for Antimicrobial and Anticancer Agents

M¹

2016

J Mol Biomark Diagn

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Marine natural products are valuable sources that could produce potential chemotherapeutic agents, and marinederived organisms are widely recognized as important sources of these natural products with interesting biological activities. Furthermore, Red sea was recognized as a rich source of microbial diversity with unique metabolites that can be of pharmaceutical and medicinal importance. The discovery of novel active metabolites provides an intellectual challenge to examine new products for medicinal purposes. Although many bacterial strains were isolated from Red sea with potent bioactivities; however, the microbial diversity of marine environment such Red sea remained largely un-explored. Lately, it has been possible to easily collect marine samples, isolate, and further identify diverse marine organisms (e.g. bacteria, fungi, and algae and marine invertebrate) by modern molecular techniques. Based on a wide range of screening and extraction methods, a vast number of metabolites have been extracted from marine sources with potential biological activities such as antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory agents and many others. In this article, we have reviewed the previous studies that have been conducted to explore marine-derived bioactives of Red sea. In addition, we have illustrated the following aspects: (i) Red sea microbial diversity for antibacterial and anticancer agents; (ii) the conventional and molecular approach used for screening and characterization marine microorganisms; (iii) characterization of natural products of microbial origin, and (iv) drug development from novel marine-derived metabolites and clinical trials. Moreover, modern molecular technologies, meta-genomic, proteomic and bio-chemo-informatics approaches are adding more potency to the targeted search of bioactive compounds derived from marine microbes. The novel marine derived drug discovery is aimed to improve our understanding of natural resources, to improve public health awareness about the environmental microbial diversity and their importance for nutraceuticals, pharmaceutical, agrochemicals and food processing. Recently, the research area of microbial diversity of the Red sea and their metabolites has opened a new access for significant sources of more effective drug entities with low coast.extreme conditions such as high temperature, pressure, and salinity. The experimental results suggested that these bacterial and archaeal communities are rich sources of active enzymes and metabolites, which can be applied for pharmaceutical and biotechnology-based applications [9].In previous studies, a number of bio-active compounds have been reported from marine sources with different degrees of action and potential, such as antibacterial, anticancer, antitumor, antiproliferative, anti-microtubule, cytotoxic, photoprotective, and antifouling properties [10][11][12]. Marine-derived metabolites, like peptides (ribosomal and non-ribosomal), alkaloids, polyketides and terpenes, have demonstrated antimicrobial and antiviral activ...

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Chapter V Isolation, Purification and Maintenance of Yeasts

Cited by 24 publications

References 161 publications

Cytotoxic and apoptotic evaluations of marine bacteria isolated from brine-seawater interface of the Red Sea

Cytotoxic and apoptotic evaluations of marine bacteria isolated from brine-seawater interface of the Red Sea

Characterization of bhatooru, a traditional fermented food of Himachal Pradesh: microbiological and biochemical aspects

Red Sea Microbial Diversity for Antimicrobial and Anticancer Agents

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