Characterisation and response of intestinal microflora and mucins to manno-oligosaccharide and antibiotic supplementation in broiler chickens

Chee, S. H.; Iji, Paul; Choct, Mingan; Mikkelsen, Lene Lind; Kocher, A.

doi:10.1080/00071668.2010.503477

Cited by 60 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…It is known that diet modulates the monosaccharide composition of mucin carbohydrate side chains (Sharma et al, 1997;Fernandez et al, 2000;Jamroz et al, 2006;Chee et al, 2010a and2010b). Research so far has examined the effect of dietary components such as amino acids, that is, threonine (Chee et al, 2010b), probiotics (Smirnov et al, 2005), prebiotics (Chee et al, 2010a and2010b) and antibiotics (Smirnov et al, 2005;Chee et al, 2010a) in intestinal mucin dynamics of poultry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research so far has examined the effect of dietary components such as amino acids, that is, threonine (Chee et al, 2010b), probiotics (Smirnov et al, 2005), prebiotics (Chee et al, 2010a and2010b) and antibiotics (Smirnov et al, 2005;Chee et al, 2010a) in intestinal mucin dynamics of poultry. Jamroz et al (2006) studied the effect of PFA in broiler diet, which resulted in a higher mucus secretion in gastric and jejunal villi in 42-day-old broilers fed diet supplemented with plant extract containing carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde and capsicum oleoresin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Except intestinal microflora, diet has been reported to affect gut mucin composition in broilers (Sharma et al, 1997;Fernandez et al, 2000;Smirnov et al, 2005 andJamroz et al, 2006;Chee et al, 2010a and2010b). Goblet cell staining (Sharma et al, 1997;Fernandez et al, 2000;Jamroz et al, 2006;Chee et al, 2010a and2010b), mucus layer thickness (Smirnov et al, 2005) and mucin gene expression (Smirnov et al, 2006;Chee et al, 2010a) are listed among key parameters studied in an attempt to generate information of dietary effects on intestinal mucin composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Goblet cell staining (Sharma et al, 1997;Fernandez et al, 2000;Jamroz et al, 2006;Chee et al, 2010a and2010b), mucus layer thickness (Smirnov et al, 2005) and mucin gene expression (Smirnov et al, 2006;Chee et al, 2010a) are listed among key parameters studied in an attempt to generate information of dietary effects on intestinal mucin composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of intestinal mucin composition and mucosal morphology by dietary phytogenic inclusion level in broilers

Tsirtsikos

Fegeros

Kominakis

et al. 2012

Animal

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The effect of a dietary phytogenic feed additive (PFA) inclusion level in mucin monosaccharide composition, mucosal morphometry and mucus histochemistry along the broiler intestinal tract was studied. Cobb male broilers (n 5 525) were allocated into five experimental treatments that, depending on the type of addition in the basal diet (BD), were labeled as follows: C (BD based on maize-soybean meal with no other additions), E1 (80 mg PFA/kg BD), E2 (125 mg PFA/kg BD), E3 (250 mg PFA/kg of BD) and A (2.5 mg avilamycin/kg BD). Samples from duodenum, ileum and cecum of 14-and 42-day-old broilers were collected and analyzed. In 14-day-old broilers, treatments E2 and E3 had higher (P , 0.01) duodenal mannose than treatments C, E1 and A. Ileal mannose was lower (P , 0.05) in treatment C compared with PFA treatments, and ileal galactose (Gal) was higher (P , 0.01) in treatments E2 and E3 compared with C and A. Polynomial contrast analysis with respect to PFA inclusion level showed that in 14-day-old broilers there was a linear increase (P 5 0.001) in duodenal mannose and a quadratic effect (P 5 0.038) in duodenal N-acetyl-galactosamine with increasing PFA level. Ileal Gal and mannose increased linearly (P 5 0.002 and P 5 0.012, respectively) with PFA inclusion level. There were no significant differences between treatments in mucin monosaccharide molar ratios of 42-day-old broilers. However, increasing PFA inclusion level resulted in a linear decrease of ileal fucose (P 5 0.021) and cecal N-acetylgalactosamine (P 5 0.036). Experimental treatments did not differ (P . 0.05) regarding duodenal villus height (Vh), crypt depth (Cd) and Vh/Cd ratio, irrespective of broiler age and the intestinal segment examined. However, increasing dietary PFA inclusion level showed a pattern of linear increase of duodenal Vh/Cd ratio in 14-day-old broilers and ileal Vh in 42-day-old broilers (P 5 0.039 and P 5 0.039, respectively). Alcian Blue-Periodic AcidSchiff (pH 2.5) staining of neutral and acidic mucins showed that the staining intensity of mucus layer in villi was fragment (i.e. tip, midsection and base) dependent, whereas in crypts it was dependent both on intestinal segment (i.e. duodenum, ileum and cecum) and fragment. Finally, mucus layer thickness did not differ (P . 0.05) between treatments, yet a pattern of linear increase (P , 0.05) with PFA inclusion level was observed in the duodenum of 42-day-old broilers. In conclusion, the dietary inclusion level of PFA modulated broiler intestinal mucin composition and morphology. Further studies are required to elucidate the physiological implications of such changes in host-microflora interactions.Keywords: phytogenic feed additive, essential oils, broiler, mucin, intestinal morphology ImplicationsThis study has shown that the inclusion level of a phytogenic feed additive in broiler diets has resulted in changes in the gut mucin monosaccharide composition and the intestinal mucosal architecture morphology. Given the fact that animal performance and disease prevention are prerequisite...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of intestinal mucin composition and mucosal morphology by dietary phytogenic inclusion level in broilers

Tsirtsikos

Fegeros

Kominakis

et al. 2012

Animal

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“…The influence of dietary antimicrobials on the mucosa-associated bacteria is relatively limited. Recently, Chee et al (2010) have reported that antibiotic treatment affected the number of lactobacilli in digesta of the ileum, but not on the mucosa.…”

Section: Effect Of Antimicrobials On Gut Microbiota Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobials, Gut Microbiota and Immunity in Chickens

Lee¹,

Lillehoj²

2011

Korean Journal of Poultry Science

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The use of antimicrobials will be soon removed due to an increase of occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria or ionophore-resistant Eimeria species in poultry farms and consumers' preference on drug-free chicken meats or eggs. Although dietary antimicrobials contributed to the growth and health of the chickens, we do not fully understand their interrelationship among antimicrobials, gut microbiota, and host immunity in poultry. In this review, we explored the current understanding on the effects of antimicrobials on gut microbiota and immune systems of chickens. Based on the published literatures, it is clear that antibiotics and antibiotic ionophores, when used singly or in combination could influence gut microbiota. However, antimicrobial effect on gut microbiota varied depending on the samples (e.g., gut locations, digesta vs. mucosa) used and among the experiments. It was noted that the digesta vs. the mucosa is the preferred sample with the results of no change, increase, or decrease in gut microbiota community. In future, the mucosa-associated bacteria should be targeted as they are known to closely interact with the host immune system and pathogen control. Although limited, dietary antimicrobials are known to modulate humoral and cell-mediated immunities. Ironically, the evidence is increasing that dietary antimicrobials may play an important role in triggering enteric disease such as gangrenous dermatitis, a devastating disease in poultry industry. Future work should be done to unravel our understanding on the complex interaction of host-pathogen-microbiotaantimicrobials in poultry.

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Molecular insights into the mechanism of thermal stability of actinomycete mannanase

Kumagai

Uraji²,

Wan³

et al. 2016

FEBS Letters

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Streptomyces thermolilacinus mannanase (StMan), which requires Ca(2+) for its enhanced thermal stability and hydrolysis activity, possesses two Ca(2+) -binding sites in loop6 and loop7. We evaluated the function of the Ca(2+) -binding site in loop7 and the hydrogen bond between residues Ser247 in loop6 and Asp279 in loop7. The Ca(2+) -binding in loop7 was involved only in thermal stability. Mutations of Ser247 or Asp279 retained the Ca(2+) -binding ability; however, mutants showed less thermal stability than StMan. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that most glycoside hydrolase family 5 subfamily 8 mannanases could be stabilized by Ca(2+) ; however, the mechanism of StMan thermal stability was found to be quite specific in some actinomycete mannanases.

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Characterisation and response of intestinal microflora and mucins to manno-oligosaccharide and antibiotic supplementation in broiler chickens

Cited by 60 publications

References 43 publications

Modulation of intestinal mucin composition and mucosal morphology by dietary phytogenic inclusion level in broilers

Modulation of intestinal mucin composition and mucosal morphology by dietary phytogenic inclusion level in broilers

Antimicrobials, Gut Microbiota and Immunity in Chickens

Molecular insights into the mechanism of thermal stability of actinomycete mannanase

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