Characterisation of engineered titanium dioxide nanoparticles in selected food

Al‐Mutairi, Mohammed A.; BinSaeedan, Norah M; Alnabati, Khulood K.; Alotaibi, Abdulaziz; Al‐Mayouf, Abdullah M.; Ali, Rizwan; Alowaifeer, Abdullah M.

doi:10.1080/19393210.2023.2217539

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…Food-grade titanium dioxide, known as E 171 in the EU, is a widely used food additive which, owing to the light-scattering effect of TiO 2 particles occurring in the particle size range of 200-300 nm, is used as a whitener [1]. Several studies have characterized the physicochemical properties of E 171 either as a pristine material [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] or as found in food samples [7,9,[11][12][13][14][15][16], using transmission or scanning electron microscopy (TEM, SEM), coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) when food matrices are analyzed, for assessing the constituent particle size, and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), for assessing the crystalline phase. These investigations showed that E 171 appears as a polydisperse material composed by anatase (rarely rutile) particles, with a constituent size typically ranging 30-350 nm and smaller or larger particles being sparingly present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An ICP-MS-Based Analytical Strategy for Assessing Compliance with the Ban of E 171 as a Food Additive on the EU Market

Ferraris,

Adelantado,

Raggi

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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A method was developed for the determination of total titanium in food and food supplements by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after microwave-assisted acid digestion of samples. Five food supplements, including one certified reference material, and 15 food products were used for method development. Key factors affecting the analytical results, such as the composition of the acid mixture for sample digestion and the bias from spectral interferences on the different titanium isotopes, were investigated. Resolution of interferences was achieved by ICP-MS/MS with ammonia adduct formation and viable conditions for control laboratories equipped with standard quadrupole instruments were identified. The method was successfully validated and enables rapid screening of samples subject to confirmatory analysis for the presence of TiO2 particles. For the latter, single-particle ICP-MS (spICP-MS) analysis after chemical extraction of the particles was used. The two methods establish a viable analytical strategy for assessing the absence of titania particles in food products on the EU market following the E 171 ban as a food additive.

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