Characterisation of Nile and drinking water quality by chemical and cluster analysis

Ismail, S. S.; Ramadan, A.

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(95)04764-6

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This value is slightly higher than the standard range for drinking water (6.5-8.5) [19]. The mean pH value of 7.5 ± 0.5 was measured for Nile water and drinking water samples collected from different cities between Aswan city and Cairo before and during the flood [21]. The water samples collected from different sites along the Nile river close to a phosphate fertiliser company had a range of 7.3-8.0 for the pH values with a mean of 7.6 [22], and irrigation water in a village close to Tanta city had a range of 7.3-7.5 [20].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioactivity of sand, groundwater and wild plants in northeast Sinai, Egypt

Ramadan

Seddeek

Nijim

et al. 2011

Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies

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The radioactivity levels are poorly studied in non-coastal arid regions. For this reason, 38 locations covering an area of about 350 km 2 in northeast Sinai, Egypt, were investigated by γ -ray spectroscopy. Moderately significant correlations among 238 U, 234 Th, and 226 Ra isotopes and low significant correlations between the concentrations of 238 U-series and 232 Th in sand were obtained. No evidence of correlation was found between the concentrations of radioisotopes and pH, grain size, total organic matter content, bicarbonate or calcium carbonate concentrations of the sand samples. The mean values of soil-to-plant transfer factor were 0.15, 0.18, 1.52 and 0.74 for 226 Ra, 232 Th, 40 K, and 137 Cs, respectively. The range of concentrations of 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K in water samples collected from five wells were <0. 4-0.16, <0.4-0.13, and <0.15-1.62 Bq l −1 , respectively. The mean absorbed dose rate in outdoor air at a height of 1 m above the ground surface for the sand samples was 19.4 nGy h −1 . The Ra eq activities of the sands are lower than the recommended maximum value of 370 Bq kg −1 criterion limit for building materials.

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Section: Characteristics Of Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioactivity of sand, groundwater and wild plants in northeast Sinai, Egypt

Ramadan

Seddeek

Nijim

et al. 2011

Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies

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“…In particular, [Ba] from the Black sea area was estimated to be ∼500 nmol L −1 considering the stable concentration value measured at depth > 100 m which reflects steady state conditions of the system before the recent anthropogenic depletion of the surface water of the basin [ Moore and Falkner , 1999]. For the Nile River, Ismail and Ramadan [1995] reported an average value of ∼380 nmol L −1 for [Ba]. Finally, as concentration data for Ba from other rivers discharging into the Mediterranean basin are unavailable, we assumed that the average value of 400 nmol L −1 reported by Martin and Meybeck [1979] for the world rivers would represent a typical Ba mobilization/dissolution from the crust by flowing waters.…”

Section: Testing Different Scenarios Through the Analysis Of Mass Balmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ba/Ca evolution in water masses of the Mediterranean late Neogene

et al. 2008

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[1] A Mediterranean composite sedimentary record was analyzed for Ba/Ca ratios on carbonate shells of Orbulina universa planktonic foraminifer (Ba/Ca) carb providing the opportunity to study and assess the extent of freshwater inputs on the basin and possible impacts on its dynamics during the Tortonian to Recent period. A number of scanning electron microscope analyses and auxiliary trace element measurements (Mn, Sr, and Mg), obtained from the same samples, exclude important diagenetic effects on the studied biogenic carbonates and corroborate the reliability of (Ba/Ca) carb ratios in foraminifera calcite as indicators of seawater source components during the studied interval. A long-term trend with (Ba/Ca) carb values shifting from $7 to 3 mmol mol À1 from the base of the Tortonian to the top of the Messinian is observed. The interval of the late Messinian salinity crisis, where biogenic carbonates are missing or strongly diagenized, represents a crucial passage not monitored in our record. At the base of the Pliocene, up to about 4.7 Ma, the (Ba/Ca) carb record shows a decreasing trend from $4 mmol mol À1 stabilizing itself to an about constant value of 0.9 ± 0.3 mmol mol À1 for the whole Plio-Pleistocene interval. These results suggest a dramatic change in the continental runoff values, up to $3-16 times higher during part of the late Neogene (Tortonian-early Pliocene), with a possible profound modification in the physical dynamics of the Mediterranean basin. First-order mass balance equations used to estimate barium and salinity budgets in the Mediterranean Sea during the late Miocene-early Pliocene interval support the hypothesis of an active connection of the basin with the Paratethys region and of a definitive restriction at the base of the Pliocene after about 0.7 Ma from the well-known Messinian Lagomare phase. They also open intriguing scenarios on possible circulation shifts during the Neogene.

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“…Examples in marine water quality include Florida and Whitewater Bay (Boyer et al, 1997) and Hong Kong harbor areas (Yeung, 1999;Yung et al, 2001). Other studies address river or lake water quality (the Arkansas River Basin (Zou and Whittmore, 1993), the Nile river (Ismail and Ramadan, 1995), the Suquia River in Argentina (Alberto et al, 2001), and lakes in northeastern United States (Jenerette et al, 2002)). Because each water quality measurement was made at different units, it was first necessary to standardize data before cluster analysis (Rogerson, 2001).…”

Section: IVmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Variations of Water Quality in the Han River and Its Tributaries, Seoul, Korea, 1993–2002

Chang

2005

Water Air Soil Pollut

112

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Spatial and temporal variations of eight selected water quality measurements were examined for the 26 stations located in the Han River and its tributaries within the city of Seoul from 1993 to 2002. The eight measurements are water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, suspended solid, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. There is no discernable increase or decrease in water quality measurements in four representative stations. A striking longitudinal variation of all water quality measurements is detected for eight stations along the Han River. Water quality dramatically decline in the middle section of the Han River where the river receives inputs from polluted tributaries. All water quality measurements, except pH, exhibit better conditions in the main river group than its counterpart tributary group. The 26 stations can be grouped into three main clusters; (1) the main river and its tributaries that have relatively good water quality, (2) the tributaries that have medium water quality, and (3) the tributaries nearby industrial sites that are heavily polluted.

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Characterisation of Nile and drinking water quality by chemical and cluster analysis

Cited by 27 publications

References 4 publications

Radioactivity of sand, groundwater and wild plants in northeast Sinai, Egypt

Radioactivity of sand, groundwater and wild plants in northeast Sinai, Egypt

Ba/Ca evolution in water masses of the Mediterranean late Neogene

Spatial and Temporal Variations of Water Quality in the Han River and Its Tributaries, Seoul, Korea, 1993–2002

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