Characterisation of osteogenic and vascular responses of hMSCs to Ti-Co doped phosphate glass microspheres using a microfluidic perfusion platform

Abstract

Using microspherical scaffolds as building blocks to repair bone defects of specific size and shape has been proposed as a tissue engineering strategy. Here, phosphate glass (PG) microcarriers doped with 5 mol % TiO2 and either 0 mol % CoO (CoO 0%) or 2 mol % CoO (CoO 2%) were investigated for their ability to support osteogenic and vascular responses of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Together with standard culture techniques, cell-material interactions were studied using a novel perfusion microfluidic bioreactor that enabled cell culture on microspheres, along with automated processing and screening of culture variables. While titanium doping was found to support hMSCs expansion and differentiation, as well as endothelial cell-derived vessel formation, additional doping with cobalt did not improve the functionality of the microspheres. Furthermore, the microfluidic bioreactor enabled screening of culture parameters for cell culture on microspheres that could be potentially translated to a scaled-up system for tissue-engineered bone manufacturing.

Dual actions of osteoclastic-inhibition and osteogenic-stimulation through strontium-releasing bioactive nanoscale cement imply biomaterial-enabled osteoporosis therapy

“…Taken together, the Sr-BGnC was highly effective in the osteoporotic bone regeneration through multiple (dual) actions, i.e., increasing bone forming event while decreasing bone resorbing activity which ultimately resulted in overcoming the unbalanced bone remodeling process that otherwise would represent problematic osteoporotic symptoms. While here we focused on the osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity of the nanocements in bone regeneration, other biological properties such as angiogenesis might also be of special importance [79,80]. From an in vitro experiment of angiogenesis (supplementary data, Fig.…”

Prevascularized Micro-/Nano-Sized Spheroid/Bead Aggregates for Vascular Tissue Engineering

“…Consequently, perivascular cell replacement as a critical bioengineering approach involves differentiating stem cells (i.e., bone marrow or primary fibroblasts-derived MSCs) in engineered models [98][99][100][101]. For example, researchers reported human-derived MSCs and endothelial cells interaction under controlled perfusion circumstances provided by microfluidic device which has resulted in promotion of MSCs proliferation, and proper response of the vascular cells [102]. Composite microbeads fabricated by fibrin and collagen embedded with human fibroblasts and endothelial cells showed pericyte-like function, and deposition of laminin that is indicated in the microvessel network maturation over 14 days in vitro culture and formation of prevascularized microtissue [103].…”

Synergistically Promoting Bone Regeneration by Icariin-Incorporated Porous Microcarriers and Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Derived From Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…Recently, microcarriers have been received considerable attention in the field of tissue engineering as a new type of spherical scaffold with biological functions. Composite microcarriers have been used for the repair of bone defects ( Jang et al, 2020 ; Peticone et al, 2020 ; Li et al, 2021 ). Compared to other types of scaffolds, microcarriers can provide a highly specific surface area for cell growth, maintaining a differentiated cell phenotype.…”