Characterisation of respirable dust exposure of different category of workers in Jharia Coalfields

Pandey, Jai Krishna; Agarwal, Deepa; Gorain, Sanjoy; Dubey, Rajnish Kumar; Vishwakarma, Manoj; Mishra, Krushna Gopal; Pal, A. K.

doi:10.1007/s12517-017-2974-4

Cited by 12 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The simple form called coal workers' pneumoconiosis, or CWP, causes small scars in the lung tissue, while the complicated form presents with huge amount of scarring tissue known as progressive massive fibrosis, or PMF [78]. Based on the composition of the inhaled dust (i.e., organic and inorganic contaminants with known pro-inflammatory and carcinogenic properties such as coal, silica, iron, cadmium, lead, kaolin, and pyrite), and the exposure duration, different stages of CWP and severity, including pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale (defined as an alteration in the structure and function of the right ventricle (RV) of the heart caused by a primary disorder of the respiratory system), and death, may manifest with miscellaneous symptoms [19,38,79]. For either simple or complicated forms of pneumoconiosis, the injury involves the destruction of blood vessels and air sacs in the lungs.…”

Section: Rcmd Exposure Health Risks and Global Disease Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Australia, between 1979 and 2002, 6% of total mining fatalities were classified as CWP, with the number of fatalities decreasing steadily over time [92,97]. Similarly, in India, the resurgence of pneumoconiosis in coal miners is relatively high [19,93]. In the United Kingdom, the incidence of CWP declined dramatically between 2004 and 2008 and has remained relatively stable since then [98].…”

Section: Global Distribution Of Rcmd Lung Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the record of occupational disease recognition goes back to 1706 [99], revealing the first case of CWP in a Scottish coal mine in 1831, stimulating other nations to regulate RCMD concentration in underground coal mines [100], the lack of occupational disease monitoring and medical knowledge and equipment caused the late attention of coal-producing countries to recognize CWP cases. For example, the first case of CWP in the United States was revealed during the 1920s, China in 1949, India in 1956, Poland in 1966, and Germany in 1974 [8,19,23,97,99,101]. The major coal producer countries (shown in Table 2 commenced with setting regulations for RCMD exposure limits (listed in Table 2).…”

Section: Rcmd Exposure Limits and Regulations In The Major Coal Producer Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, the permissible exposure limits of total dust in China varies between 2 mg/m 3 to 20 mg/m 3 (1 mg/m 3 for coal with 50% silica content to 6 mg/m 3 coal with 5% silica content [23,95]). India, in second place, produced 764 Mt with only 10% from underground mines [19,23,102,103]. The maximum exposure limit (MEL) is 3 mg/m 3 when respirable crystalline silica (RCS) in respirable dust is less than 5%.…”

Section: Rcmd Exposure Limits and Regulations In The Major Coal Producer Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geological parameters include coal thickness, composition, cleavage, compactness, hardness, volatile matter, ash, and coal moisture content. Mining methods, cutting height, cutting equipment, and type and condition of cutting bits are among the contributing technical factors [8,19]. The primary sources of RCMD have been found to be coal seam and surrounded rock strata, intake air, diesel exhaust, mining operations, and rock dusting (Figure 1) [7,[20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Respirable Coal Mine Dust: A Review of Respiratory Deposition, Regulations, and Characterization

et al. 2021

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In the late 1990s, despite years of efforts to understand and reduce coal worker’s pneumoconiosis (CWP) prevalence from more than 30% in 1970 to less than 4.2%, the level of occurrence among the US coal miners increased unexpectedly. The recent resurgence of lung diseases has raised concerns in the scientific and regulatory communities. In 2014, the United States Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) issued a new dust rule changing the respirable coal mine dust (RCMD) exposure limits, measurement technology, and sampling protocol. The analysis for probable causes for the substantial increase in the CWP incidence rate is rather complicated. This paper aims to conduct a review of RCMD respiratory deposition, health effects, monitoring, regulations, and particle characteristics. The primary sources of RCMD along with the health risks from potential exposure are highlighted, and the current RCMD exposure regulations of the major coal producer countries are compared. A summary of RCMD characterization studies from 1972 to the present is provided. A review of the literature revealed that numerous factors, including geological and mining parameters, advancements in mining practices, particle characteristics, and monitoring approaches are considered to contribute to the recent resurgence of RCMD lung diseases. However, the root causes of the problem are still unknown. The effectiveness of the new dust rules in the United States will probably take years to be correctly assessed. Therefore, future research is needed to understand the relationship between RCMD particle characteristics and lung deposition, and the efficacy of current monitoring practices to measure the true dose of RCMD exposure.

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Section: Rcmd Exposure Health Risks and Global Disease Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Global Distribution Of Rcmd Lung Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rcmd Exposure Limits and Regulations In The Major Coal Producer Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rcmd Exposure Limits and Regulations In The Major Coal Producer Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Respirable Coal Mine Dust: A Review of Respiratory Deposition, Regulations, and Characterization

et al. 2021

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Exposure to dust and respiratory health among Australian miners

Rumchev

Hoang

Lee

2022

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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Purpose Occupational exposure to dust has been recognised as a significant health hazard to mine workers. This study aimed to investigate the association between exposure to inhalable (INH) and respirable (RES) dust and respiratory health among mine workers in Western Australia using an industry-wide exposure database. Methods The database comprised cross-sectional surveys conducted by mining companies for the period 2001–2012. The study population consisted of 12,797 workers who were monitored for exposure to INH and RES dust and undertook health assessments including a respiratory questionnaire and spirometry test. Results Despite the general trend of declining exposure to both INH and RES dust observed over the 12 years period, mine workers reported a higher prevalence of phlegm and cough when exposed to elevated concentrations of INH and RES dust. Logistic regression analysis further confirmed the positive association between INH dust exposure and the prevalence of phlegm with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.033 (95% CI 1.012–1.052). Overall, 6.3% of miners might have potential airway obstruction, and exposure to INH dust was associated with impaired lung function parameters. Conclusion Exposure levels of INH and RES dust particles among mine workers have reduced considerably and were well below currently legislated occupational exposure limits. However, given the reported higher prevalence of phlegm and cough among those with elevated dust concentrations, there is a continued need for effective dust exposure monitoring and control in the mineral mining industry.

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Preparation and characterization of an agglomeration-cementing agent for dust suppression in open pit coal mining

et al. 2018

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Characterisation of respirable dust exposure of different category of workers in Jharia Coalfields

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Respirable Coal Mine Dust: A Review of Respiratory Deposition, Regulations, and Characterization

Respirable Coal Mine Dust: A Review of Respiratory Deposition, Regulations, and Characterization

Exposure to dust and respiratory health among Australian miners

Preparation and characterization of an agglomeration-cementing agent for dust suppression in open pit coal mining

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