Characterisation of Silver-coated Teflon fabric-reinforced Nafion ionic polymer metal composite with carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoparticles

Yesaswi, Ch Sridhar; Sreekanth, P. S. Rama

doi:10.1007/s13726-021-01015-7

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…To prevent fairly intense laser radiation from arriving at the input of spectrometer ( 6), the fiber (5) was equipped with a refocuser and light filter, which cuts off radiation in the range λ < 350 nm (is omitted in Figure 1). Spectra were processed with a personal computer (7). Cylindrical cell (3) was made of Teflon and had a radius of 2 cm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a possibility is of great interest from a fundamental point of view, and also opens up a number of interesting applications in various industrial fields. This is why the number of publications devoted to the study of Nafion is constantly growing (see, e.g., [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], related to the articles dedicated to the study of various properties of Nafion and issued in 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Possibility to Alter Dynamics of Luminescence from Surface of Polymer Membrane with Ultrasonic Waves

et al. 2022

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The temporal dynamics of luminescence from the surface of Nafion polymer membranes have been studied. In fact, the polymer membrane was soaked in liquids with different contents of deuterium. The test liquids were ordinary (natural) water (deuterium content equal to 157 ppm) and deuterium-depleted water (deuterium content is equal to 3 ppm). Simultaneously with the excitation of luminescence, the Nafion plate was irradiated with ultrasonic pulses, having a duration of 1 μs. The ultrasonic waves were generated with different repetition rates and amplitudes, and irradiated the surface of Nafion in the geometry of grazing or normal incidence. Luminescence regimes were studied when the membrane was irradiated with one ultrasonic wave (one piezoelectric transducer) or two counter-propagating waves (two piezoelectric transducers). It turned out that ultrasonic waves, which fall normal to the membrane interface, do not affect the dynamics of luminescence. At the same time, in the case of ultrasonic irradiation in the grazing incidence geometry, sharp jumps in the luminescence intensity occur, and the behavior of these jumps substantially depends on the mode of irradiation: one or two piezoelectric transducers. This allows for control of the dynamics of luminescence from the polymer surface. In accordance with this model, the possibility of altering the luminescence dynamics is due to the effect of unwinding the polymer fibers from the surface toward the liquid bulk upon soaking. It is important that such unwinding does not occur in deuterium-depleted water, which was confirmed in a direct experiment with dynamic light scattering from polydisperse aqueous suspensions of Nafion nanometer-sized particles; these suspensions were prepared in ordinary water and deuterium-depleted water. Thus, ultrasonic irradiation affects the dynamics of luminescence only when Nafion is swollen in ordinary water; in the case of deuterium-depleted water this effect is missed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possibility to Alter Dynamics of Luminescence from Surface of Polymer Membrane with Ultrasonic Waves

et al. 2022

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“…Table 1 represents its elemental percentage. For the fabrication of Ionic Polymer Metal Composites, a chemical plating technique was used [35]. Figure 1 shows the steps involved in fabrication.…”

Section: Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of Electro-Mechanical Behavior of Silver-Coated Teflon Fabric-Reinforced Nafion Ionic Polymer Metal Composite with Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Nanoparticles

2022

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Ionic Polymer Metal Composites (IPMCs) are in high demand owing to the ongoing advancements in technology for various applications. New fabrication techniques and a quick retort towards the applied load are the significant reasons for considering IPMCs in smart devices. Here, a Teflon fabric-reinforced Nafion (TFRN) membrane is used to create an IPMC. The materials employed as electrodes are silver and nanofillers. The basement membrane, Nafion 438 (N-438), is sandwiched between the electrodes using a chemical decomposition technique. Subsequently, the electromechanical properties (actuation) of the membrane are tested. The micro and molecular structure of the IPMC membrane coated with Silver (Ag), Ag-Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and Ag-Graphene nanoparticles samples are examined with the help of SEM and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The membrane scratch test is carried out to evaluate the abrasion and wear resistance of the membrane. The lowest coefficient of friction is shown by N438 + Ag + Graphene (0.05), which increased by 300% when compared to a pure N438 membrane. The hydration and tip deflection test were also performed to understand the water uptake percentage. At 90 °C, the highest water uptake was observed for N438 + Ag + Graphene (0.05), which decreased by 60, 42, 23, 14 and 26% when compared to N438, N438 + Ag, N438 + Ag + CNT (0.01), N438 + Ag + CNT (0.05) and N438 + Ag + Graphene (0.01), respectively. A proportional relationship between hydration level and tip deflection is observed and the highest bending performance is observed for the N438 + Ag + Graphene (0.05) membrane.

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“…Intelligent Smart materials as Shape Memory Alloy, dielectric elastomers, Ionic electroactive polymer(IEAP), gel–metal composites and piezoelectric are included in the bionic robots [ 8 ]. The parameters of these materials can be modified by the control of the appropriate external stimuli or voltages; simulating the muscle contraction in artificial muscles [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the Ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC) is an electroactive and thin membrane coated with a noble metal, usually PMCs are composed of an ionic polymer such as Nafion or Flemion, chemically plated or physically coated with platinum or gold conductors [ 10 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. On the other hand, the action of IPMC materials is caused by the movement of ions inside the polymer at low voltages [ 9 , 18 , 19 ]. By applying a low voltage across the two membranes, the internal hydrated cations migrate towards the cathode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Laboratory Stand for Displacement Measurement of IPMC Actuators

Koślik

Kowol

Brociek

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The polymer technology based on Electroactive polymers and metal composite ionic polymer has great potential and advantages in many engineering fields. In this paper, a laboratory stand for testing Ionic polymer–metal composites (IPMC) is presented. The laboratory station includes a power supply system and a measuring system for the displacement of IPMC composites. Tests and measurements are carried out using a laser transducer and a camera equipped with image analysis software to determine the IPMC strips displacement. The experimental investigation of IPMCs under different voltage supplies and waveforms, environmental working humidity conditions, temperature, and loading conditions has proved the significant influence of geometric dimension and the effect of increased stress on the displacement value. For materials powered by a higher voltage value, an increased deflection value was noted. In case of displacement, longer is the sample, higher is the displacement value. The length of the sample under load, affects adversely its performance,resulting in an increase in the load on the sample. For samples of a thick size, a more stable movement with and without load can be noticed.

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Characterisation of Silver-coated Teflon fabric-reinforced Nafion ionic polymer metal composite with carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoparticles

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Possibility to Alter Dynamics of Luminescence from Surface of Polymer Membrane with Ultrasonic Waves

Possibility to Alter Dynamics of Luminescence from Surface of Polymer Membrane with Ultrasonic Waves

Experimental Investigation of Electro-Mechanical Behavior of Silver-Coated Teflon Fabric-Reinforced Nafion Ionic Polymer Metal Composite with Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Nanoparticles

Design of Laboratory Stand for Displacement Measurement of IPMC Actuators

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