Characterisation of source-separated, rigid plastic waste and evaluation of recycling initiatives: Effects of product design and source-separation system

Eriksen, Marie Kampmann; Astrup, Thomas Fruergaard

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.02.006

Cited by 89 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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Section: Collecting and Sortingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For recycling to be effective, source separation and separate collection of the waste are the best routes to follow [76,79]. Food packaging waste sorting right from household waste at source forms a crucial part of waste management systems [55,80]. A study by Nemat et al [81] showed that food packaging design possesses the potential to influence consumer behaviour when making decisions on disposal post use, however current food packaging is not adequately doing so.…”

Section: Collecting and Sortingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Black plastic food packages are not easily detected by sorting machines as a result of the carbon black that makes them invisible [67]. This is because most sorting technologies for household plastics use NIR [80] and carbon black, the most common black colourant for plastics, absorbs NIR [70].…”

Section: Collecting and Sortingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Overview of Plastic Waste Generation and Management in Food Packaging Industries

et al. 2021

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Over the years, the world was not paying strict attention to the impact of rapid growth in plastic use. This has led to unprecedented amounts of mixed types of plastic waste entering the environment unmanaged. Packaging plastics account for half of the global total plastic waste. This paper seeks to give an overview of the use, disposal, and regulation of food packaging plastics. Demand for food packaging is on the rise as a result of increasing global demand for food due to population growth. Most of the food packaging are used on-the-go and are single use plastics that are disposed of within a short space of time. The bulk of this plastic waste has found its way into the environment contaminating land, water and the food chain. The food industry is encouraged to reduce, reuse and recycle packaging materials. A wholistic approach to waste management will need to involve all stakeholders working to achieve a circular economy. A robust approach to prevent pollution today rather than handling the waste in the future should be adopted especially in Africa where there is high population growth.

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Section: Collecting and Sortingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Collecting and Sortingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Overview of Plastic Waste Generation and Management in Food Packaging Industries

et al. 2021

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“…Especially, PE, which is reported as very unusual in WEEP (Dimitrakakis et al, 2009;Maris et al, 2015;Stenvall et al, 2013) is much more present in municipal waste (Lingaiah et al, 2001). Also, Eriksen and Astrup found that 10-11% of their source-seperated rigid plastics from Copenhagen were black (Eriksen and Astrup, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MIR spectral characterization of plastic to enable discrimination in an industrial recycling context: II. Specific case of polyolefins

et al. 2019

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Sorting at industrial scale is required to perform mechanical recycling of plastics in order to obtain properties that could be competitive with virgin polymers. As a matter of fact, the most part of the various types of plastic waste are not miscible and even compatible. Mid-Infrared (MIR) HyperSpectral Imagery (HSI) is viewed as one of the solutions to the problem of black plastic sorting. Many Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) plastics are black. Nowadays, these materials are difficult to sort at an industrial scale because the main used pigment to produce this color, carbon black, masks the Near-Infrared (NIR) spectra of polymers, the currently most used technology for acute sorting in industrial conditions. In this study, laboratory Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) in Attenuated Total Reflection mode (ATR) has been used as a theoretical toolbox based on physical chemistry to help building an automated HSI discrimination despite its limited conditions, especially shorter wavelengths ranges. Weaker resolution and very short acquisition times are other HSI limitations. Helping fast and exhaustive laboratory characterizations of polymeric waste stocks is the other goal of this study. This study focusses on polyolefins as they represent the second biggest fraction of WEEE plastics (WEEP) after styrenics and since little quantities mixed to styrenics during mechanical recycling can lead to important decrease in mechanical properties. Twelve references were thus evaluated and compared between each other and with real waste samples to highlight spectral elements, which can enable differentiation. Charts compiling the signals of discussed polymers were built aiming to the same objective.

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“…Mechanical recycling of plastic waste involves the physical decomposition of waste using processes such as shredding. However, mechanical recycling is reported to be somewhat inefficient due to the complex nature of the plastic waste mixtures, and instead most of the plastic waste is incinerated (ERIKSEN;ASTRUP, 2019) In chemical processing, plastic waste can be separated into monomers or chemically modified, which can then be used instead of the primary raw material in the production of new plastic materials. Thermal processing of plastic waste involves heating plastic waste at elevated temperatures to melt it and then pouring it into a mold to form new products (POTAPOVA, 2018) Since the growth of urbanization and population growth is inevitable, the development of the construction industry is inevitable.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects for the use of used plastic products in the construction industry

Aliev

Krevskii

Simin

et al. 2021

Laplage

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The waste generated by the use of single-use plastic products becomes extremely dangerous to the environment due to their large amount generated, which causes serious harm to both the environment and its inhabitants. The main victim of this threat is the marine environment. Plastic waste generated on land ends up in water bodies, where it causes harmful effects such as flooding and poisoning of animals in the marine ecosystem. Plastics in the marine environment that enter the body of fish are also harmful to human health if such fish are eaten, as this can cause cancer in humans. To find an effective way to manage this waste and improve the sustainability of the environment, different approaches to recycling plastic waste into new products are being explored. In particular, the use of plastic waste in construction will significantly improve the sustainability of the environment, as well as serve as a reliable source of materials for construction purposes.

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Characterisation of source-separated, rigid plastic waste and evaluation of recycling initiatives: Effects of product design and source-separation system

Cited by 89 publications

References 19 publications

An Overview of Plastic Waste Generation and Management in Food Packaging Industries

An Overview of Plastic Waste Generation and Management in Food Packaging Industries

MIR spectral characterization of plastic to enable discrimination in an industrial recycling context: II. Specific case of polyolefins

Prospects for the use of used plastic products in the construction industry

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