Characterisation of synovial fluid and infrapatellar fat pad derived mesenchymal stromal cells: The influence of tissue source and inflammatory stimulus

Abstract

The infrapatellar fat pad (FP) and synovial fluid (SF) in the knee serve as reservoirs of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) with potential therapeutic benefit. We determined the influence of the donor on the phenotype of donor matched FP and SF derived MSCs and examined their immunogenic and immunomodulatory properties before and after stimulation with the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Both cell populations were positive for MSC markers CD73, CD90 and CD105, and displayed multipotency. FP-MSCs had a significantly faster proliferation rate than SF-MSCs. CD14 positivity was seen in both FP-MSCs and SF-MSCs, and was positively correlated to donor age but only for SF-MSCs. Neither cell population was positive for the co-stimulatory markers CD40, CD80 and CD86, but both demonstrated increased levels of human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) following IFN-γ stimulation. HLA-DR production was positively correlated with donor age for FP-MSCs but not SF-MSCs. The immunomodulatory molecule, HLA-G, was constitutively produced by both cell populations, unlike indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase which was only produced following IFN-γ stimulation. FP and SF are accessible cell sources which could be utilised in the treatment of cartilage injuries, either by transplantation following ex-vivo expansion or endogenous targeting and mobilisation of cells close to the site of injury.

Gender-related differences observed among immune cells in synovial fluid in knee osteoarthritis

“…Current knowledge regarding immune and non-immune cells in OA comes mainly from the histopathological assessment of the synovial membranes, which shows the prevalence of macrophages and T cells, followed by mast cells (MC) 4e6 . Regarding the cells in synovial fluids (SFs) in OA, only a few studies exist, particularly on cultured cells 7,8 or selected subpopulations such as MC 9 , plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) 10 , T cells 11 , and T regulatory cells (Treg) 12 . Thus, there remains a need to characterise the cellular composition of SFs, in order to gain the ability to search for individual phenotypes associated with OA development and progression based on immune cell composition and in turn link this to a particular treatment.…”

A Simple Method for Isolation, Propagation, Characterization, and Differentiation of Adult Mouse Bone Marrow-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…Mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are multipotent, heterogeneous cell populations, isolated from various organs and tissues, including bone marrow [1,2]. MSC comprises of 0.01% to 0.1% of total adult bone marrow mononuclear cells, and its culture was first established by its intrinsic surface adherence propensity [3].…”

“…CD29 (integrin β1), CD44 (Ly-24), CD73 (SRC homology 3 domain; SH3/4), CD90 (Thy-1), CD71 (transferrin receptor), CD166 (Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule; ALCAM), CD105 (SH2), Stro-1 along with certain cell adhesion molecules, including CD106 (VCAM-1), CD146 (MCAM). However, these MSCs generally do not express hematopoietic markers: CD45 (LCA, Ly-5), CD34, CD14, CD11; the co-stimulatory molecule: CD80 (B7-1), CD86 (B7-2), CD40 and the cell adhesion molecules: CD31 (PECAM-1), CD56 (NCAM-1), MHC-II [2].…”

Histopathological Evaluation and Expression of the Pluripotent Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Like Markers Cd105 and Cd44 in the Synovial Membrane of Patients with Primary versus Secondary Hip Osteoarthritis

“…Overexpression of the MSCs markers in the synovial membrane might indicate the increased migration capacity of CD44 positive fibroblast-like synovial cells but also implies the possibility to use them with potential therapeutic benefit for cartilage regeneration19 27 28 in primary HO. However, in rapidly destructive HO, total arthroplasty remains the therapy of choice, as the cartilage is already deteriorated and papillary type hyperplasia with degenerative disorders predominates.…”