Characterisation of Wildlife-Livestock Interfaces: The Need for Interdisciplinary Approaches and a Dedicated Thematic Field

Disentangling wildlife–cattle interactions in multi‐host tuberculosis scenarios: systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Ecological interactions between disease hosts have been widely acknowledged as determinants of pathogen transmission, from domestic species to wildlife and vice versa . In this sense, understanding the underlying biological processes that are responsible for the transmission of infectious agents between susceptible animal hosts is becoming an important research area (Gortázar et al 2016, Dougherty et al 2018, Bacigalupo et al 2020, Caron et al 2021).…”

“…Drewe et al 2013, Campbell et al 2019), although the use by wildlife of farm and cattle‐related resources, such as food and water sites, seems to be more frequent (Carrasco‐Garcia et al 2016, Payne et al 2016, Balseiro et al 2019, Campbell et al 2019). This mode of transmission might be particularly relevant in agroforestry and pastoral landscapes, where abundant wildlife occurs in sympatry with extensively reared livestock (Payne et al 2017, Caron et al 2021), or has access to potentially contaminated farm resources (Tolhurst et al 2009, Campbell et al 2019). Mycobacteria are considerably resistant to adverse environmental conditions (Fine et al 2011, Allen et al 2021), and widespread bacterial contamination can occur at different sites (e.g.…”

“…Inter-species transmission may occur when livestock or wildlife come into contact with Mycobacterium bovis-contaminated fomites, such as badger latrines (e.g. Drewe et al 2013, Campbell et al 2019, although the use by wildlife of farm and cattle-related resources, such as food and water sites, seems to be more frequent (Carrasco-Garcia et al 2016, Payne et al 2016, Balseiro et al 2019, Campbell et al 2019. This mode of transmission might be particularly relevant in agroforestry and pastoral landscapes, where abundant wildlife occurs in sympatry with extensively reared livestock (Payne et al 2017, Caron et al 2021, or has access to potentially contaminated farm resources (Tolhurst et al 2009, Campbell et al 2019.…”

Editorial: Disease Ecology: Novel Concepts and Methods to Track and Forecast Disease Emergence, Transmission, Spread, and Endemization

“…The interdisciplinary integration of ecological, bio-medical and social sciences into a single discipline of "disease socioecology" remains a major research frontier for improved management of wildlife-livestock-human interfaces (Caron et al, 2021;de Garine-Wichatitsky et al, 2021b). A key element for improving knowledge and innovation regarding health and the adoption of effective management is the use of participatory approaches to frame health issues in contextualized social-ecological systems and co-design interventions with relevant stakeholders (de Garine-Wichatitsky et al, 2021a).…”

“…In summary, the papers collated in this topic illustrate the diversity of methods and approaches that are currently implemented and combined to improve our understanding of the ecology of disease emergence at wildlife-livestockhuman interfaces. More than ever, with the COVID-19 crisis added to the climate change and biodiversity crises, disease ecology must innovate and grow as a leading discipline aggregating multiple tools and disciplines to forecast, prevent and mitigate the next emergences (de Garine-Wichatitsky et al, 2020, 2021bCaron et al, 2021).…”