Characterising the regulatory seascape in Aotearoa New Zealand: Bridging local, regional and national scales for marine ecosystem-based management

Urlich, Stephen; White, Faye R.; Rennie, Hamish

doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106193

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Significantly, section 13 of the Act preserves the common law of accretion and erosion, meaning that these natural changes would result in changes to the legal boundaries of the common marine and customary area. Customary marine title holders may be able to use their status as titleholders to impose area-based protections in the marine and coastal area as wahi tapu (sacred places), including prohibitions or restrictions on access to the area (Urlich et al, 2022). However, the process may also introduce new uncertainties or inequities in terms of blue carbon restoration, including overlapping claims as to rights and interests and temporal discrepancies between groups in obtaining recognition and granting of interests and title (for example between tribal groups with overlapping spatial boundaries where one group obtains legal recognition or negotiated settlement of their coastal land claims in advance of others).…”

Section: Land Tenure Arrangementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling coastal blue carbon in Aotearoa New Zealand: opportunities and challenges

Stewart-Sinclair,

Bulmer,

Macpherson

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Blue carbon is the carbon sequestered by coastal and marine habitats such as mangroves, saltmarsh, and seagrasses. The carbon sequestration service provided by these habitats could help to mitigate climate change by reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as providing other important ecosystem services. Restoration of coastal habitats for the purpose of sequestering blue carbon can generate carbon credits, potentially offsetting the costs of restoration and any lost revenue for landowners. Coastal blue carbon projects have been successfully implemented overseas, but a blue carbon market has not yet been established in Aotearoa New Zealand (ANZ). Here we identify key data gaps that will be necessary to fill to develop a blue carbon market in ANZ. Calculation of carbon abatement through development of a standardised method is the first step and will allow economic assessment of potential restoration sites. Economic assessment will determine if the carbon credits generated will cover restoration costs and lost revenue from restored lands. Once economically feasible potential restoration sites have been identified, prioritisation of sites could be determined by the value of co-benefits produced (i.e., biodiversity). There are also legal uncertainties in ANZ and ownership of the foreshore has been a contentious topic. Current legislation provides that neither the Crown nor any other person owns or can own the common marine and coastal area, although Māori may apply for recognition of customary rights, interests, and title in the area. The legal status of property rights will have significant implications for privately owned land, as it is unclear whether land will be considered foreshore when inundated in future with sea level rise. Here, we discuss further policy enablers including the role of government and the insurance industry that could encourage uptake of carbon projects by private landowners. Filling these gaps in market assessments and recognising the key role of Indigenous owners and customary rights holders to coastal land can facilitate operationalising of coastal blue carbon opportunities in Aotearoa New Zealand.

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Section: Land Tenure Arrangementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling coastal blue carbon in Aotearoa New Zealand: opportunities and challenges

Stewart-Sinclair,

Bulmer,

Macpherson

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…It has also sparked interest in novel research prioritiesseascape connectivity; seascape goods and services; ecosystembased management; and applications for marine management (Pittman et al, 2021). This has driven novel approaches for evaluating these seascape components, which are important aspects of the plastic-scape that have been difficult to quantify (Grober-Dunsmore et al, 2009;Halpern et al, 2010;Barbier and Lee, 2014;Urlich et al, 2022).…”

Section: The Seascape Ecology Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

The plastic-scape: Applying seascape ecology to marine plastic pollution

2022

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Marine plastic pollution (MPP) has emerged as a global sustainability challenge with environmental, social, and economic consequences. This has inspired action at every scale of governance—from the local level to international institutions. However, policy and management efforts have been reactive and ad hoc, resulting in concerns about their efficacy, cost, and unintended consequences. To adequately address MPP and its global impacts, a systematic, evidence-based approach is needed. Seascape ecology, a subdiscipline of landscape ecology, is an interdisciplinary system science focused on the reciprocal relationship between the patterns and processes that shape seascapes. In this paper, we define the plastic-scape as all the social-ecological systems that interact with plastic (as a product and pollutant), the drivers and pathways of MPP, and the natural and human environments impacted by MPP. We then demonstrate the ways in which principles, methods, tools, and transdisciplinary research approaches from seascape ecology can be applied to better understand the plastic-scape, inform future MPP research and improve management strategies.

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Scale‐sensitive marine law and policy design: Towards ecosystem‐based management across spatial and temporal scales

Macpherson,

Mortiaux,

Jorgensen

2024

WIREs Energy & Environment

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Ecosystem‐based management (EBM) is promoted in scholarly literature and international policy as a way to improve marine ecosystem outcomes, through the integration of marine law and policies across sectors, communities, and scales. A legal and policy framework that supports EBM at appropriate temporal and spatial scales is fundamental to the successful deployment of EBM. However, marine management is typically fragmented and misaligned, with a range of laws, policies, governance institutions, and sectoral frameworks applying to different marine spaces and working on varying timescales. In this focus article, we draw on our comprehensive study of Aotearoa New Zealand's marine law and policy to analyze the challenges scale mismatches present for marine law and policy implementation, focusing on key policy areas across fisheries, environment, conservation, and Indigenous rights and interests. We identify key opportunities to better align marine law and policy to ecosystem scale dynamics, revealing critical lessons for the imperative of scale‐sensitive marine law and policy design, globally.This article is categorized under: Policy and Economics > Research and Development Policy and Economics > Governance and Regulation Climate and Environment > Ecosystem Services

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Characterising the regulatory seascape in Aotearoa New Zealand: Bridging local, regional and national scales for marine ecosystem-based management

Cited by 8 publications

References 37 publications

Enabling coastal blue carbon in Aotearoa New Zealand: opportunities and challenges

Enabling coastal blue carbon in Aotearoa New Zealand: opportunities and challenges

The plastic-scape: Applying seascape ecology to marine plastic pollution

Scale‐sensitive marine law and policy design: Towards ecosystem‐based management across spatial and temporal scales

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