Characterising the vertical variations in hydraulic conductivity within the Chalk aquifer

Williams, A. T.; Bloomfield, John P.; Griffiths, Kate; Butler, Adrian P.

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.04.036

Cited by 54 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This is consistent with the zone of higher thermal conductivity shown in Figure 8. A decrease in Chalk permeability with depth has also been reported (Williams et al, 2006), which would explain the decline in temperature change for the lower part of the borehole after the end of the test (Figure 8). …”

supporting

confidence: 57%

Thermal response testing through the Chalk aquifer in London, UK

Loveridge

Holmes²,

Powrie

et al. 2013

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnica

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Thermal conductivity of the ground is an important parameter in the design of ground energy systems, which have an increasing role to play in providing renewable heat to the built environment. For larger schemes, the bulk thermal conductivity of the ground surrounding the system is often determined in situ using a thermal response test. Although this test method is commonly used, its limitations are often not fully understood, leading to an over-simplistic interpretation that may fail to identify key facets of the ground thermal behaviour. These limitations are highlighted using data from an instrumented thermal response test carried out in a 150 m deep borehole in east London. It is shown that a single, unique value of bulk thermal conductivity may not be appropriate, as stratification of the ground can lead to differences in thermal performance, depending on the direction of heat flow. Groundwater flow within the Chalk aquifer is also shown to have an important effect on the long-term heat transfer characteristics.

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supporting

confidence: 57%

Thermal response testing through the Chalk aquifer in London, UK

Loveridge

Holmes²,

Powrie

et al. 2013

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnica

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“…4 and Williams et al 2006; the site corresponds to LOCAR site PL10). Three of these boreholes are open except for surface casing (PL10A, PL10B and PL10E); the others were completed with piezometers (PL10C, PL10D and PL10F).…”

Section: Field Measurements Of Spontaneous Potential Bottom Barn Abstmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of spontaneous potential in chalk with application to aquifer characterization in the southern UK

Jackson

Butler

Vinogradov

2012

QJEGH

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We report the first measured values of the streaming potential coupling coefficient in chalk samples saturated with natural groundwater, and preliminary field measurements of the spontaneous potential (SP), at both ambient and pumped conditions, at a test site in the Berkshire Chalk aquifer in the southern UK. The ultimate aim of the work is to use measurements of SP, in conjunction with borehole data, to characterize groundwater flow and aquifer properties. Laboratory measurements yield a value of the streaming potential coupling coefficient of -60 ± 4 mV MPa −1 and a corresponding zeta potential of -13 ± 1 mV. A negative zeta potential contrasts with previous published open-system measurements on artificial calcite, and may reflect the presence of organic material in the natural chalk samples or HCO 3 and SO 4 ions in the groundwater. Field measurements at ambient conditions show temporal variations in SP consistent with flow processes within the aquifer, but no coherent spatial variations. Measurements during water abstraction demonstrate that voltages at the ground surface and in monitoring boreholes become more positive during pressure drawdown and more negative during pressure buildup, consistent with the negative values of streaming potential coupling coefficient and zeta potential observed in the laboratory. Moreover, the magnitude of the change in voltage is similar to that estimated using the laboratory value of the coupling coefficient. Our results suggest that measurements of SP may make a valuable contribution to characterizing groundwater flow in the UK Chalk aquifer. 2011-021r esearch-articleResearch Article45X10.1144/qjegh2011-021JacksonSpontaneous potential in chalk 2012 at

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“…The large distance between gas vents is another problem to assume uniform flow in the landfill. Another method to determine groundwater velocity is a borehole tracer method (Novakowski et al, 2006;Williams et al, 2006). This method involves monitoring the change in tracer concentration after tracer is injected into isolated area in a borehole spaced by inflated packers.…”

Section: Tracer Test For Leachate Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of water movement in a closed landfill based on tracer tests in gas vents and changes in leachate quality

et al. 2009

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Leachate accumulation was found in Nakazono landfill, in Asahikawa, Japan because of an insufficient leachate collection and drainage system. In order to lower leachate level in the landfill and to promote stabilization of waste, many passive gas vents were installed as well as leachate collection vaults. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution and movement of leachate in the landfill by determining leachate level and tracer test in the gas vents.The water level varied widely among the gas vents and depended mainly on the original ground level and the depth of the vent. Leachate velocity also showed a wide variation. The leachate velocity was high in the upper layers of the saturated zone in a gas vent. However, this is only the superficial velocity caused by an inflow from unsaturated layers. A sharp decrease in TOC, which was observed in most of the gas vents by installation of vents, were likely due to the effect of aerobic biodegradation in the unsaturated layer of waste. This effect is limited to the small aerobic zone around the gas vent.

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Characterising the vertical variations in hydraulic conductivity within the Chalk aquifer

Cited by 54 publications

References 9 publications

Thermal response testing through the Chalk aquifer in London, UK

Thermal response testing through the Chalk aquifer in London, UK

Measurements of spontaneous potential in chalk with application to aquifer characterization in the southern UK

Estimation of water movement in a closed landfill based on tracer tests in gas vents and changes in leachate quality

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