Characteristic adsorption functions and the surface structure of solid adsorbents

Kinetics and thermodynamic study of aniline adsorption by multi-walled carbon nanotubes from aqueous solution

“…Strict limits on the release of aniline have been established. Traditionally, aniline-containing wastewater is treated with photodecomposition [1][2][3], electrolysis [4], adsorption [5,6], oxidation [7,8], biodegradation [9] and other processes. Generally, adsorption technology has proved to be one of the most effective techniques in the separation and removal of a wide variety of organic pollutants from wastewater [10,11].…”

Surface‐Treated Activated Carbon for Removal of Aromatic Compounds from Water

“…Activated carbon or activated coke (all termed AC) has been utilized traditionally to remove pollutants from water and wastewater. AC has an excellent capacity for adsorption of organic compounds owing to its huge surface area and developed pore texture, as well as due to its surface chemical properties, such as the presence of various types of organic groups on the surface [9][10][11][12]. The surface chemistry of activated carbons has an effect on ACs' catalytic characters, acid-base property, and adsorption capacity [13].…”

Extension of Tóth Ψ function from gas–solid to liquid–solid equilibria and application to reversed-phase liquid chromatography systems

“…Our results show that the Ψ function introduced by Tóth [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] for the study of gas-solid equilibria can be extended to study liquid-solid equilibria but that its use must be considered with caution. This conclusion is based on the measurement of adsorption isotherms in two liquid-solid RPLC systems, using conventional mixtures of water and an organic solvent, methanol or acetonitrile, and adsorbents having a hydrophobic solid surface (C 18 -bonded surface).…”

“…Tóth published several papers on this issue [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. From the experimental point of view, it was shown that the extrapolation of the pressure to infinity results in physical impossibilities because the formation of a complete adsorbed monolayer is obtained for pressures that are lower than the saturation pressure and the free energy of the surface is finite when the monolayer is complete [1,2].…”

“…Then, Tóth defined the characteristic adsorption function (CAF) that combines all measured isotherms that have the same change in the free energy of the surface and can be described with the same consistent isotherm equation [9]. He showed that there are some connections between the CAFs and the structure of the adsorbent [10]. The Ψ function has many potential applications like the development of software for gas-solid adsorption measurements [6], the determination of the separation of the first adsorbed layer from the other layers from type II isotherms [5] or the determination of the BET-compatible surface area from type I isotherms [4,7].…”