Characteristic Analysis of Plants for the Removal of Nutrients from a Constructed Wetland using Reclaimed Water

Wang, Lin; Gan, Hong; Wang, Fang; Sun, Xiaobo; Zhu, Qiande

doi:10.1002/clen.200900162

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…With regard to invasive species, the plasticity of root nutrient capture has been little studied. Research in cropping and constructed wetland systems has often found elevated root nitrogen uptake rates as a result of greater plant nitrogen demand during periods of rapid biomass production [51][52][53]. Therefore, invasive species with relatively higher growth rates than native species may respond by increasing root nitrogen uptake rate more due to their relatively greater nitrogen demand for growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Uptake and Use Efficiency of Invasive Spartina alterniflora and Native Phragmites australis: Effect of Nitrogen Supply

Qing

Cai

Xiao

et al. 2014

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Research ArticleNitrogen Uptake and Use Efficiency of Invasive Spartina alterniflora and Native Phragmites australis: Effect of Nitrogen Supply Plant roots play a vital role in acquisition of resources, while their potential role in plant successful invasions has been largely overlooked. Spartina alterniflora is an invasive grass that has expanded dramatically on the Chinese coast, outcompeting native plant Phragmites australis and resulting in serious negative consequences for invaded ecosystems. In this study, we evaluated differences between S. alterniflora and P. australis in nitrogen uptake and use efficiency as well as plasticity of nitrogen characteristics and additional morphological traits in response to increased nitrogen supply. We grew two species in monoculture and mixed-culture pots under two nitrogen levels in a greenhouse environment. After growing for 17 weeks, plants were exposed to 15 N-labeled ammonium chloride for 48 h and harvested to compare the uptake of nitrogen. Invasive S. alterniflora showed significantly higher biomass, root mass ratio, and nitrogen use efficiency but lower 15 N uptake rate than native P. australis in both monocultures and mixed-cultures, regardless of nitrogen levels. Nitrogen supply significantly increased biomass, total 15 N uptake, and 15 N uptake rate but decreased root mass ratio and nitrogen use efficiency of both species regardless of culture form, with biomass and total 15 N uptake of S. alterniflora responding more strongly to nitrogen supply than the corresponding traits of P. australis when the two species were grown in a mixed culture. Our results suggested that the greater root mass ratio and nitrogen use efficiency of S. alterniflora played a greater role than root nitrogen capture capacity in its successful invasion. IntroductionWith increasing globalization, the damaging influences of invasive species on native ecosystems and biota have become a prevalent concern [1-3], and understanding the mechanisms of species invasion has become a priority in order to control and prevent their spread. To identify traits associated with invasiveness, many studies comparing invasive and native plant species have been conducted emphasizing morphology [4][5][6][7], photosynthesis [4, 7-9], breeding systems [6, 10], flowering phenology [9], propagule size [6,7,11], and phenotypic plasticity [4,12,13]. However, the potential role of roots in the success of plant invasions has been largely overlooked. Plant roots play a vital role in the uptake of nutrients and other resources, and root plasticity is one of the central mechanisms for plant resource exploitation and acquisition [14].Resource capture capacity of roots varies substantially among species [15][16][17], yet few studies have compared the differences in resource uptake and physiological plasticity of roots responding to different resource levels between invasive and native plants [16,18]. In China, the invasive C 4 grass species smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) is receiving increasing attention. The spe...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Uptake and Use Efficiency of Invasive Spartina alterniflora and Native Phragmites australis: Effect of Nitrogen Supply

Qing

Cai

Xiao

et al. 2014

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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“…The vegetation choice is essential in the CWs and has the function of absorbing pollutants and transferring nutrients from microorganisms in the rhizosphere [23]. In this system, there is a combination of continuous exposure to flooding and waste streams containing a relatively high concentration and variety of pollutants [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several types of vegetation have already been studied, and their absorption efficiency for many different nutrients is known [23,[25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cation and anion monitoring in a wastewater treatment pilot project

Almeida

Vargas-Zerwes

Ferreira-Bastos

et al. 2015

Rev. Fac. Ing. Antioquia

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2.7 billion people, and the volume of water will have to increase 41% to meet the needs of the population [7]. In poor countries, the problems are more alarming in relation to untreated wastewater [10].Even though most of the farm households are aware of the environmental and health consequences related to the crop irrigation with wastewater, they still use it because of its cost advantages. This issue is one of the sanitary challenges also found at water-scarce regions [11]. This practice is widely used in Africa; for example, in [12] observed that wastewater treatment systems do not always reach enough quality for the purposes of irrigation and for non-potable applications. Therefore, water reuse might be dangerous for the farmers in some regions. . The results also showed that CWs system is suitable for removing ions from the wastewater. Cation and anion monitoring in a wastewater treatment pilot project RESUMEN:El propósito del tratamiento de aguas residuales es la reutilización del agua.Esta reduce el consumo de agua potable y previene la contaminación del agua de primer uso. La reutilización del agua ya se ha implementado con éxito en diferentes lugares. Los tratamientos que utilizan los humedales artifi ciales son ampliamente estudiados como una alternativa más económica y ecológica para tratar las aguas residuales. En estos sistemas, el control de especies inorgánicas también es importante. Este estudio ha monitoreado cationes (Na + . Los resultados también mostraron que el sistema CWs está adecuado para la eliminación de iones del agua residual.,

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“…Constructed wetlands (CWs) used for treating wastewater (such as the removals of N [15]) are artificial ecosystems that have high N availability, with N input as high as 400 g N m À2 year À1 in the form of dissolved inorganic N [16], much higher than those used in artificial N deposition (4 g N m À2 year À1 ) experiments [4]. Meanwhile, a subsurface vertical flow CW, which was constructed in 2005 in Zhejiang Province, southeast China, provided an opportunity for the biodiversity assemblage experiment [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Species Richness Affected Nitrogen Retention and Ecosystem Productivity in a Full‐Scale Constructed Wetland

Zhu

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2012

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The effects of plant species richness (SR; i.e., 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 species per plot) on substrate nitrate and ammonium retention and ecosystem productivity in a full-scale constructed wetland (CW) with high nitrogen (N) input were studied. Substrate nitrate (0.1-16.4 mg kg À1 ) and ammonium concentrations (1.3-9.2 mg kg À1 ) in this study were higher than those in other comparable biodiversity experiments. Substrate nitrate concentration significantly increased while ammonium concentration significantly decreased with the increase of plant SR (p ¼ 0.008 and 0.040, respectively). The response of ecosystem productivity to increasing SR was unimodal with four species per plot achieving the greatest productivity. Transgressive overyielding, which was compared to the most productive of corresponding monocultures, did not occur in most polycultures. We conclude that substrate N retention was enhanced by plant SR even with high N input, and plant SR could be managed to improve the efficiency of N removals in CWs for wastewater treatment.

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Characteristic Analysis of Plants for the Removal of Nutrients from a Constructed Wetland using Reclaimed Water

Cited by 25 publications

References 25 publications

Nitrogen Uptake and Use Efficiency of Invasive Spartina alterniflora and Native Phragmites australis: Effect of Nitrogen Supply

Nitrogen Uptake and Use Efficiency of Invasive Spartina alterniflora and Native Phragmites australis: Effect of Nitrogen Supply

Cation and anion monitoring in a wastewater treatment pilot project

Plant Species Richness Affected Nitrogen Retention and Ecosystem Productivity in a Full‐Scale Constructed Wetland

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