Characteristic Differences between Recall and Recognition

Hollingworth, H. L.

doi:10.2307/1413450

Cited by 91 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…In declarative memory, two main types of situations are encountered, differing in the results they yield. These are recall and recognition (Hollingworth 1913;Bartlett 1932;Tulving 1983;Eysenck and Keane 1990;Haist et al 1992). In recognition, sensory information directly relevant to the item in memory is present on-line.…”

Section: A Message From Models With Some Physiological Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How big is human memory, or on being just useful enough.

Dudai¹

1997

Learn. Mem.

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We are, in many respects, what we remember. But how much do we do? So far, science has provided only a very partial answer to this riddle. The magical number seven, plus or minus two, seems to constrain the capacity of our immediate memory (Miller 1956). But surely its constraints dissipate when memories settle in long-term stores. Yet how big are these stores? If we combine all of our factual knowledge and personal reminiscence, childhood scenes and memories of the past day, intimate experiences and professional expertisemhow many items are there, that, combined together, mold us into unique individuals?The answer is not simple, and neither is the question. For example, what is an item in long-term memory? And how can we measure it, being sure that we unveil memory capacity and not merely the occasional ability to tap it? Such theoretical and practical difficulties, no doubt, have contributed to the fact that the capacity of human memory is still an enigma. Yet, despite the inherent and undeniable complexities, the issue deserves to be retrieved, once in a while, from the oblivions of the collective memory of the scientific community. (For a selection of earlier discussions of the size of human long-term memory, see Galton 1879;Landauer 1986;Crovitz et al. 1991.)

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Section: A Message From Models With Some Physiological Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How big is human memory, or on being just useful enough.

Dudai¹

1997

Learn. Mem.

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“…For instance, there is an extensive literature documenting differential performance on recall as compared to recognition tasks in the context of long-term memory. Normal adults typically exhibit recall performance that is inferior to recognition performance (Hollingworth, 1913). This performance differential is exaggerated by damage to the prefrontal cortex or medial temporal lobes (reviewed in Aggleton & Brown, 1999;Aggleton & Shaw, 1996;Brown & Aggleton, 2001;Mayes, Montaldi, & Migo, 2007;Skinner & Fernandes, 2007;Turner, Cipolotti, Yousry, & Shallice, 2007; but see Haist, Shimamura, & Squire, 1992;Kopelman et al, 2007;Kopelman & Stanhope, 1998;Manns, Hopkins, Reed, Kitchener, & Squire, 2003;Manns & Squire, 1999;Stark & Squire, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The right parietal lobe is critical for visual working memory

2008

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Neuroimaging evidence suggests that the parietal lobe has an important role in memory retrieval, yet neuropsychology is largely silent on this topic. Recently, we reported that unilateral parietal lobe damage impairs various forms of visual working memory when tested by old/new recognition. Here, we investigate whether parietal lobe working memory deficits are linked to problems at retrieval. We tested two patients with bilateral parietal lobe damage in a series of visual working memory tasks that probed recall and old/new recognition. Stimuli were presented sequentially and several stimulus categories were tested. The results of these experiments show that parietal lobe damage disproportionately impairs old/new recognition as compared to cued recall across stimulus categories. The observed performance dissociation suggests that the posterior parietal lobe plays a particularly vital role in working memory retrieval.

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“…Several theorists (e.g., MacDougall, 1904;Postman, 1963) have posited that performance on recognition memory tasks is generally superior to performance on recall memory tasks, as it requires more "memory strength" (i.e., more information in storage) to recall an item in memory as compared to recognizing an item in memory. The "generaterecognize" theory proposed that recognition memory requires only a familiarity decision, whereas recall memory involves a two-stage task in which retrieval of information in memory is followed by a familiarity decision (Anderson & Bower, 1973;Hollingsworth, 1913;James, 1890).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Memory for Sexually-Relevant Information

et al. 2006

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The present study was conducted in an attempt to examine potential differences between men and women in memory for sexually relevant information. A total of 77 undergraduate students (31 men, 46 women) read a sexual story and completed memory tasks in response to the story. Based on previous research, we hypothesized that differences would exist between men and women for different types of sexual information and we hoped to understand whether specific variables (sexual experiences, sexual functioning, and reactions to the sexual story) could explain such differences. Men were more likely to remember erotic or explicit details of the story, whereas women were more likely to remember love and emotional bonding details of the story. Additionally, women were more likely to recall information referencing the characters in the story. Results from regression analyses indicated that sexual desire and satisfaction were related to differences in recall and recognition of the love and emotional bonding aspects of the story, and that frequency of sexual intercourse was related to differences in the recall of erotic or explicit details of the story. The significant results obtained in this study correspond to previously established sex differences in memory for sexual information.

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Characteristic Differences between Recall and Recognition

Cited by 91 publications

References 0 publications

How big is human memory, or on being just useful enough.

How big is human memory, or on being just useful enough.

The right parietal lobe is critical for visual working memory

Sex Differences in Memory for Sexually-Relevant Information

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