Characteristics and behavior of dissolved organic matter in the Kumaki River, Noto Peninsula, Japan

Suzuki, Takehito; Nagao, Seiya; Horiuchi, Mio; Maie, Nagamitsu; Yamamoto, Masayoshi; Nakamura, Koji

doi:10.1007/s10201-014-0441-4

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Six different peaks were detected ( Figure 2 ). The first three peaks observed at retention rates of 10.1, 10.7, and 12.4 min were identified as organic complexes of humic acid and fulvic acid, as reported in other works [ 39 ]. Fulvic acid is considered a biostimulant material [ 40 ] and increases plant root growth by inducing nodulation gene signaling, and stimulating beneficial bacteria such as Rhizobium [ 41 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Sustainable Plant Growth Promotion and Chemical Composition of Pyroligneous Acid When Applied with Biochar as a Soil Amendment

Jindo

Goron

Kurebito³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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The pyrolysis of biomass material results in pyroligneous acid (PA) and biochar, among other by-products. In agriculture, PA is recognized as an antimicrobial agent, bio-insecticide, and bio-herbicide due to antioxidant activity provided by a variety of constituent materials. Application of PA to crop plants and soil can result in growth promotion, improved soil health, and reduced reliance on polluting chemical crop inputs. More detailed information regarding chemical compound content within PA and identification of optimal chemical profiles for growth promotion in different crop species is essential for application to yield effective results. Additionally, biochar and PA are often applied in tandem for increased agricultural benefits, but little is known regarding the optimal proportion of each crop input. This work reports on the effect of combined applications of different proportions of PA (200- and 800-fold dilutions) and chemical fertilizer rates (100%, 75%, 50%, and 0%) in the presence or absence of biochar on Komatsuna (Brassica rapa var. perviridis, Japanese mustard spinach) plant growth. To elucidate the chemical composition of the applied PA, four different spectroscopic measurements of fluorescence excitation were utilized for analysis—excitation-emission matrix, ion chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. It was determined that PA originating from pyrolysis of Japanese pine wood contained different classes of biostimulants (e.g., tryptophan, humic acid, and fulvic acid), and application to Komatsuna plants resulted in increased growth when applied alone, and in different combinations with the other two inputs. Additionally, application of biochar and PA at the higher dilution rate increased leaf accumulation of nutrients, calcium, and phosphorus. These effects reveal that PA and biochar are promising materials for sustainable crop production.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Sustainable Plant Growth Promotion and Chemical Composition of Pyroligneous Acid When Applied with Biochar as a Soil Amendment

Jindo

Goron

Kurebito³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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“…Because the components of the DOM in the composting process underwent various changes, the major fluorescence peak also represented a red‐shift phenomenon. This phenomenon can be attributed to an increase in the condensation of the aromatic groups in humic acid (Suzuki et al, 2014). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in the Humification Degree of Dissolved Organic Matter from Cattle Manure during Composting as Analyzed by Ultraviolet‐Visible and Fluorescence Spectroscopy

et al. 2017

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This study investigated the degree of humification of dissolved organic matter (DOM) during different periods of cattle manure composting using ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and fluorescence spectroscopy (emission, synchronous scan, and excitation-emission matrix) and determined which method is more suitable for analysis of the humification degree of DOM. Two composting piles were prepared by mixing manure and corn straw. One pile (Pile A [PA]) contained inoculated exogenous composite agents at a ratio of 2% (v/v), and a pile without the addition of inoculants (PNA) served as the control treatment. The results showed that ultraviolet integrated absorption intensities in the range of 226 to 400 nm and 260 to 280 nm and specific ultraviolet absorbances at 254 and 280 nm of both PA and PNA gradually increased with composting time. Based on the fluorescence regional integration analysis and parallel factor analysis, the humic-like substances became the main components of the DOM after composting. Our study demonstrated that the humification degree of DOM was enhanced during composting and that the inoculation composite agent was beneficial for the humification of DOM at the mesophilic and thermophilic phases of the composting process. Moreover, the results of correlation analysis and principal component analysis demonstrated that the fluorescence spectral parameters evaluated the humification degree of DOM during the whole cattle manure composting process better than the UV-vis spectral parameters.

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“…The contribution of wetlands in the watershed is a well-known and major factor controlling riverine DOC concentrations (Mulholland, 2003;Laudon et al, 2004;Yamashita et al, 2010). Paddy field outflow has also been suggested as a source of DOM in riverine water (Ruark et al, 2010;Krupa et al, 2012;Suzuki et al, 2015). The quality of DOM at Site 1, evaluated using PCA, could be characterized as having a low molecular weight and low aromaticity.…”

Section: Discussion Factors Controlling the Dom Concentration In The ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Controlling the Spatial Distribution of Dissolved Organic Matter With Changes in the C/N Ratio From the Upper to Lower Reaches of the Ishikari River, Japan

2022

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Dissolved organic matter (DOM), particularly dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), is an important source of energy and/or organic nutrients for heterotrophic microorganisms in rivers. Although various factors controlling the quantity and quality of stream and riverine DOM have been extensively studied, DON has been under-researched compared to dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The spatial distribution of DOC and DON concentrations with respect to the C/N ratio and DOM optical properties was investigated in the Ishikari River and its tributaries in Hokkaido, northern Japan. Here, the upper reaches are forested and the middle and lower reaches are encompassed by agricultural land, in particular paddy fields. Furthermore, dark incubation experiments were conducted using filtered riverine water (<0.7 µm) to determine the bioavailability of DOC and DON (particularly due to small microorganisms) considered as a factor controlling the spatial distribution. In the mainstream, DOC and DON concentrations increased with river flow in the upper and middle reaches and remained unchanged in the lower reaches. The C/N ratio of bulk DOM decreased continuously from the upper reaches to lower reaches. The optical properties exhibited changes in the DOM characteristics in terms of higher molecular weight and higher aromaticity from the upper to middle reaches, suggesting that flooded paddy fields largely altered the riverine DOM concentration and composition. In the lower reaches, the C/N ratio of the bulk DOM decreased with the river flow. However, according to principal component analysis, no changes were observed in the optical properties with river flow, suggesting that the C/N ratio of bulk DOM changed owing to in situ biological activity in the river. DOC biodegradation was observed at four sites in the upper and middle reaches but not at the two sites in the lower reaches. However, the DON concentration during the dark incubation experiments at all sites did not differ significantly, which implies that microbial degradation, particularly by small microorganisms, is a factor that decreased the C/N ratio of bulk DOM in the upper and middle reaches. In contrast, large microorganisms possibly degraded C-rich DOM to decrease the C/N ratio of bulk DOM in the lower reaches of the Ishikari River.

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Characteristics and behavior of dissolved organic matter in the Kumaki River, Noto Peninsula, Japan

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

Sustainable Plant Growth Promotion and Chemical Composition of Pyroligneous Acid When Applied with Biochar as a Soil Amendment

Sustainable Plant Growth Promotion and Chemical Composition of Pyroligneous Acid When Applied with Biochar as a Soil Amendment

Variation in the Humification Degree of Dissolved Organic Matter from Cattle Manure during Composting as Analyzed by Ultraviolet‐Visible and Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Factors Controlling the Spatial Distribution of Dissolved Organic Matter With Changes in the C/N Ratio From the Upper to Lower Reaches of the Ishikari River, Japan

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