Characteristics and deformation mechanism of salt-related structures in the western Kuqa depression, Tarim basin: Insights from scaled sandbox modeling

Wu, Zhenyun; Yin, Handong; Wang, Xin; Zhao, Bo; Jia, Dong

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2013.11.040

Cited by 57 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…However, differences exist between thrust F3 and F5 in Experiment C7 and the Longquan Shan anticline, because we only simulated the structural evolution of Coulomb wedges and we did not consider the salt decollement layer of the Sichuan Basin or syntectonic sedimentation. The presence of a salt decollement and syntectonic sedimentation could greatly amplify the length of the thrust sheet [e.g., Storti and McClay , ; Costa and Vendeville , ; Smit et al , ; Nilforoushan and Koyi , ; Fillon et al , , ; C. Y. Wang et al, 2013; Wu et al , ], which might account for the ~100 km distance between the Longquan Shan fold and the Longman Shan foothills. In addition, the lateral drag of a salt decollement layer may have enhanced the diffuse deformation and change in strike near the northern endpoint of the Longquan Shan anticline.…”

Section: Comparisons With the Longmen Shan Thrust Belt Eastern Tibetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sandbox modeling of evolving thrust wedges with different preexisting topographic relief: Implications for the Longmen Shan thrust belt, eastern Tibet

et al. 2016

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To understand the effects of substantial topographic relief on deformation localization in the seismically active mountains, like the Longmen Shan thrust belt in the eastern Tibet, sandbox experiments were performed based on the framework of the critical taper theory. First, a reference experiment revealed that the critical taper angle was 12° for our experimental materials. Subsequently, different proto wedges (subcritical (6° in taper angle), critical (12°), and supercritical (20°)) were introduced to cover the range of natural topographic relief, and we used two setups: setup A considered only across‐strike topographic relief, whereas setup B investigated along‐strike segmentation of topography, consist of two adjacent proto wedges. In all experiments, thrust wedges grew by in‐sequence accretion of thrust sheets. Setup A revealed an alternating mode of slip partitioning on the accreted thrusts, with large‐displacement thrust and small‐displacement thrust developing in turn. And contrasting wedge evolutions occurred according to whether the proto wedge was subcritical or critical‐supercritical. In setup B, the differential deformation along the strike produced transverse structures such as tear fault and lateral ramp during frontal accretion. The observed tear fault and its associated thrust system resemble the seismogenic fault system of the 2008 Mw7.9 Wenchuan earthquake. Our experimental results could also explain first‐order deformation features observed in the Longmen Shan. Consequently, we conclude that topographic features, including topographic relief across the range and along‐strike segmentation of topography, contribute significantly to the kinematics and deformation localization in such active mountains.

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Section: Comparisons With the Longmen Shan Thrust Belt Eastern Tibetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sandbox modeling of evolving thrust wedges with different preexisting topographic relief: Implications for the Longmen Shan thrust belt, eastern Tibet

et al. 2016

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“…The coal deposits are in the Upper Triassic Taliqike Formation (T 3 t), Lower Jurassic Yangxia Formation (J 1 y), and Middle Jurassic Kezileinuer Formation (J 3 kz). From Paleocene Kumugeliemu Period (E 1 k) to Miocene Jidike Period (N 1 j), salt layers with gypsum, anhydrite, and dolomite were interbedded with thin mudstone and shale, which indicates a lacustrine and evaporative swamp environment [19,20]. Natural gas is abundant in Lower Jurassic Ahe Formation (J 1 a) and partly in the lower portion of Yangxia Formation (J 1 y).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagenesis and Fluid Flow Variability of Structural Heterogeneity Units in Tight Sandstone Carrier Beds of Dibei, Eastern Kuqa Depression

et al. 2017

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Tight sand gas plays an important role in the supply of natural gas production. It has significance for predicting sweet spots to recognize the characteristics and forming of heterogeneity in tight sandstone carrier beds. Heterogeneity responsible for spatial structure, such as the combination and distribution of relatively homogeneous rock layers, is basically established by deposition and eodiagenesis that collectively affect the mesogenesis. We have investigated the structural heterogeneity units by petrofacies in tight sandstone carrier beds of Dibei, eastern Kuqa Depression, according to core, logging, and micropetrology. There are four types of main petrofacies, that is, tight compacted, tight carbonate-cemented, gas-bearing, and water-bearing sandstones. The brine-rock-hydrocarbon diagenesis changes of different heterogeneity structural units have been determined according to the pore bitumen, hydrocarbon inclusions, and quantitative grain fluorescence. Ductile grains or eogenetic calcite cements destroy the reservoir quality of tight compacted or tight carbonate-cemented sandstones. Rigid grains can resist mechanical compaction and oil emplacement before gas charging can inhibit diagenesis to preserve reservoir property of other sandstones. We propose that there is an inheritance relationship between the late gas and early oil migration pathways, which implies that the sweet spots develop in the reservoirs that experienced early oil emplacement.

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“…1; Zeng et al, 2010;Ju et al, 2014). The Kuqa depression mainly consists of three structural belts and two sags, which include the Northern Monocline belt, the Kelasu-Yiqikelike structural belts, the Baicheng and Yangxia sags, the Qiulitag structural belt and the Southern Slope belt from north to south (Zeng et al, 2010;Ju et al, 2014;Wu et al, 2014). The Wushi sag and Wensu swells lie on the west of Kuqa depression (Fig.…”

Section: Geological Setting 21 Basin Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depositional and Diagenetic Controls on Pore Structure of Tight Gas Sandstone Reservoirs: Evidence from Lower Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in Kelasu Thrust Belts, Kuqa Depression in Tarim Basin of West China

et al. 2015

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Deeply buried Lower Cretaceous Bashijiqike sandstones are important gas exploration targets in the Kelasu thrust belt, Kuqa Depression of Tarim Basin in China. The sandstones are characterized by low porosity, low permeability and strong microscopic heterogeneity due to diagenesis during their geologic history. Mineralogical, petrographic, and geochemical analyses combined with high-pressure mercury injection analysis have been used to investigate the diagenesis, diagenetic minerals, and their impact on reservoir quality. This article addresses the controls exerted by depositional parameters and diagenetic modifications on pore-network characteristics (porosity, pore types, sizes, shapes, and distribution), with the aim to unravel the formation mechanisms of this complex pore structures, and to improve the characterization and classification evaluation for the Bashijiqike sandstone reservoirs. The Bashijiqike sandstones are dominated by lithic arkoses and feldspathic litharenite. The pore system consists of intergranular macropores, intergranular micropores, and intragranular pores. Framework grains are generally heavily compacted. Authigenic quartz, authigenic feldspar, clay minerals and carbonates are the major pore-filling constituents. The pore structure is characterized by small pore radius and poor interconnectivity. Entry pressure reflects the microscopic pore network and macroscopic reservoir property characteristics. Pore structure characteristics are linked to the depositional parameters, type and degree of diagenesis. Clays do not control reservoir pore networks alone, and pores and pore throats are wider in coarser grained sandstones. Entry pressure decreases with the content of the rigid quartz. Compaction and cementation continue to decrease the pore-throat size, while dissolution enlarges pores and pore-throats radius. Considerable amounts of microporosity associated with clay minerals and altered grains contribute to the high entry pressure. Comprehensive Coefficient of Diagenesis (CCD), which considers the integrative effect of diagenesis, shows strong statistical correlations with entry pressure. CCD is an integrative modulus of diagenesis and physical property, and generally the higher the values are, the better the pore structure. It is suitable for quantitatively characterizing pore structure in tight gas sandstones. The results of this work can help assess pore-network characteristics like the Bashijiqike sandstones which had experienced strong diagenetic modifications during their geological history.

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Characteristics and deformation mechanism of salt-related structures in the western Kuqa depression, Tarim basin: Insights from scaled sandbox modeling

Cited by 57 publications

References 35 publications

Sandbox modeling of evolving thrust wedges with different preexisting topographic relief: Implications for the Longmen Shan thrust belt, eastern Tibet

Sandbox modeling of evolving thrust wedges with different preexisting topographic relief: Implications for the Longmen Shan thrust belt, eastern Tibet

Diagenesis and Fluid Flow Variability of Structural Heterogeneity Units in Tight Sandstone Carrier Beds of Dibei, Eastern Kuqa Depression

Depositional and Diagenetic Controls on Pore Structure of Tight Gas Sandstone Reservoirs: Evidence from Lower Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in Kelasu Thrust Belts, Kuqa Depression in Tarim Basin of West China

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