Characteristics and etiology of hospitalized pediatric community-acquired pneumonia in Taiwan

Chi, Hsin; Huang, Yhu Chering; Liu, Ching Chuan; Chang, Kuang Yi; Huang, Yi; Lin, Hsiao Chuan; Chang, Luan Yin; Ho, Yu Huai; Tsao, Kuo Chien; Mu, Jung-Jung; Huang, Li Min; Hsieh, Yao‐Ching

doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2020.07.014

Cited by 35 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…There are studies about the causative agent of CAP in many countries. In Taiwan study, at least one pathogen was identi ed in 68.3% of children with CAP, 10 in China study, causative pathogen was identi ed in 70.1% of the hospitalized children with CAP at one hospital. 11 In a US study of 3 years, causative pathogen was identi ed in 81% of patients under the age of 18 hospitalized with CAP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…23 Meanwhile in Taiwan study, S. pneumoniae was the most common pathogen, than any other pathogens, and the detection rate of pneumococcus was much higher than in our study. 10 This may attribute to relatively lower vaccination rates in Taiwan and Korean government has started pneumococcal vaccination to every infants and children as National Immunization Program since 2014, which may rapidly decrease the frequency of S.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of National Surveillance of Respiratory Pathogen for Children and Adolescents’ Community Acquired Pneumonia

Roh¹,

Lee²,

Lee³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Respiratory infection in particular community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children is a major disease that ranks high in outpatient and inpatient cases. The causes of CAP vary depending on the individual susceptibility, epidemiological characteristics of the community, and season. We performed this study to establish nationwide surveillance network system and identify the causative agents for CAP and antibiotics resistance in Korean children with CAP..Methods: The monitoring network was composed of the 28 secondary and tertiary medical institutions. Upper and lower respiratory samples were assayed using culture or Polymerase chaini reaction (PCR) from Aug 2018 to May 2020. Results: A total of 1023 cases were registered in patients with CAP, and 264 cases (25.8%) were isolated by culture, S. aureus 131 cases (12.8%), S. pneumoniae 92 cases (9%), H. influenzae 20 cases (2%). PCR of atypical pneumonia pathogen revealed 422 cases of M. pneumoniae (41.3%). Respiratory virus showed positive rates in 65.7% by multiplex PCR test and of them, human rhinovirus was most highest with 312 cases (30.5%). The proportion of mixed infection was 49.2%. The rate of antibiotics resistance showed similar results as previous reports. Conclusions: It will identify the pathogens that cause respiratory infections, and analyze the current status of antibiotic resistance to provide scientific evidence for management policies of domestic respiratory infection. Also, in preparation for the new epidemic, including COVID19, monitoring of respiratory infections in children and adolescents, has become more important, and research should be continuously conducted in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of National Surveillance of Respiratory Pathogen for Children and Adolescents’ Community Acquired Pneumonia

Roh¹,

Lee²,

Lee³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The annual incidence rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia is expected to continue falling under the current PCV13 immunization policy. 11,22 Third, McCullers et al showed that influenza infections increase the risk for developing secondary bacterial disease, particularly with streptococcal pneumonia. 23 Weinberger et al reported a significant increase in pneumococcal hospitalizations that corresponded to the timing of the highest pandemic influenza activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 The annual incidence of hospitalization for communityacquired pneumonia in children under 18 years in Taiwan was 69.5 cases per 100,000 population. 11 However, the trend of non-COVID-19 communityacquired pneumonia in children remain uncertain in COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of non-COVID-19 community-acquired pneumonia in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Non-COVID-19 Community-Acquired Pneumonia in COVID-19 Pandemic

Huang¹

2021

IJGM

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Introduction:The COVID-19 lockdown strategies were associated with a significant decrease in infectious diseases disseminated through airborne or fecal-oral transmissions. Social distancing and other lockdown strategies effectively slowed down the spread of common respiratory viral diseases and decreased the need for hospitalization among children. Thus, a decline in the incidence of respiratory viral diseases had been reported following the COVID-19 outbreak. However, the trend of non-COVID-19 pneumonia in children remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of non-COVID-19 community-acquired pneumonia in children. Materials and Methods:We conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients (age ≤18 years) presenting with pulmonary infection from January 2019 to December 2020 in a tertiary-level teaching hospital. We compared the number of pediatric patients admitted to our hospital with community-acquired pneumonia from January to December 2020 to those from the same period in 2019. Results: A total of 65 patients were diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia in 2019 and 18 in 2020. The number of patients with community-acquired pneumonia in 2020 was lower than that in 2019 by 47 cases in 2020. The most age distribution of pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia was 2-5 years in 2019, indicating the decreasing number of community-acquired pneumonia patients from 36 patients in 2019 to 3 in 2020. Conclusion:The number of pediatric with community-acquired pneumonia was lower than in the same period in 2019, which markedly decreased (−72.3%) in 2020. These interventions applied to control the COVID-19 pandemic were effective not only in substantial changes in the seasonal influenza activity but also in decreasing cases of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia.

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“…In this cross-sectional study, one objective was to assess the seroprevalence to M. pneumoniae infection in the pediatric population from Kazakhstan. Indeed, there are no available studies exploring the implication of M. pneumoniae in respiratory diseases from Central Asia, although this pathogen has been increasingly recognized as implicated in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia in other Asian regions [ 17 , 18 ]. Overall, 19.4% of the 139 children included in this study resulted to be serologically positive for M. pneumoniae .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma pneumoniae Seroprevalence and Total IgE Levels in Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Poddighe

Abdukhakimova

Dossybayeva

et al. 2021

Journal of Immunology Research

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Background. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is implicated in several immune-mediated extrapulmonary manifestations, including reactive arthritis. Recently, increased total serum IgE were reported in children developing M. pneumoniae-related extrapulmonary diseases (MpEPDs). Here, we aimed at analyzing these aspects in children affected with rheumatic disorders and, in detail, Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). Methods. M. pneumoniae serology (IgG and IgM) and total serum IgE were concomitantly analyzed in 139 pediatric patients diagnosed with: JIA (Group 1, n = 85 ), or any rheumatic disease other than JIA (Group 2, n = 27 ), or non-inflammatory endocrinological disorders (Group 3, n = 27 ). Results. Overall, 19.4% M. pneumoniae seroprevalence was observed in this hospitalized pediatric population, without signicant differences among the three groups. No significant differences in total serum IgE levels were noted among these groups; however, a second analysis excluding children with very high (and clearly abnormal) IgE levels suggested that JIA patients and, in detail, those with oligopolyarticular forms may have higher serum IgE concentrations. This relative difference among groups in serum IgE level seems to be more pronounced in M. pneumoniae seropositive children. Conclusions. M. pneumoniae infection should be actively sought in children developing immune-mediated diseases, including patients affected with JIA and, especially, in oligopolyarticular forms. There is some evidence that total serum IgE levels may tend to be increased in patients with oligopolyarticular JIA subtype and especially in those resulting as M. pneumoniae seropositive. However, further and focused research is needed to confirm these preliminary results and to clarify the relation between M. pneumoniae infection, atopic status, and immune-mediated arthritis.

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Characteristics and etiology of hospitalized pediatric community-acquired pneumonia in Taiwan

Cited by 35 publications

References 36 publications

Analysis of National Surveillance of Respiratory Pathogen for Children and Adolescents’ Community Acquired Pneumonia

Analysis of National Surveillance of Respiratory Pathogen for Children and Adolescents’ Community Acquired Pneumonia

Pediatric Non-COVID-19 Community-Acquired Pneumonia in COVID-19 Pandemic

Mycoplasma pneumoniae Seroprevalence and Total IgE Levels in Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

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