Characteristics and Household Toxic Hazardous Waste Generation Based on Economic Status and Topographic Regions in Semarang City, Indonesia

Abstract

Hazardous and toxic waste are not only produced by industry, but also by households. But in fact, the household activities also produce Household Toxic and Hazardous Waste (HTHW). Considering the potential of the impact of HTHW to worsening environment quality, the effort of HTHW management must have been started well. One important aspect in the management strategy is to determine the characteristics and the HTHW generation. The method used to determine the characteristics HTHW refers to SNI 19-2454SNI 19- -2002, while the calculation of HTHW generation refers to the SNI 19-3694-1994 calculated based on weight and volume. Sampling was conducted in four districts of Semarang (Pedurungan, Semarang Barat, Semarang Utara and Banyumanik). The samples used in this study were 400 families that were selected based on the proportion of Slovin Formula. Data analysis performed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Walis test (α = 0.05). The largest characteristic of HTHW in Semarang City is infectious (79%), further Poisonous (13%), Combustible (6%) and Corrosive (2%). While HTHW generation is 0.01 kg/person/day (5.1% MSW). Statistical test result showed there was a significant difference (p-value : 0.001) between HTHW generation based on economic level, but there was no significant difference (p-value :0.442) between HTHW characteristics in Semarang city. The level of education, occupation, income level and lifestyle may become potential factors in differentiating the characteristics and HTHW generation in Semarang city.

Household Hazardous Materials Identification and Management Practices Among Residents of Irewole Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria

“…Other hazardous materials observed in the houses were used electronics & light bulbs, expired drugs and batteries. Similar findings have been reported [28,30,31].…”

“…Furthermore, Insecticide, pesticides, rat anti-flea, herbicides were observed. Killing agents such as pesticides, herbicides, and/or insecticides have been identified as Household hazardous waste [30,33,34]. The study also observed automotive product from majority of the houses.…”

Characteristics and Generation of Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) in Semarang City Indonesia

“…In addition to the comparison of from 11 countries, there are few studies that reported on the contribution/percentage HHW in domestic waste, including: Hangzhou, China 0,05 [19] Based on Table 1 shows that the percentage HHW in Semarang is similar to research done by Tuthill et al in Massachusetts, USA with a percentage of 5.7% [3]. But the results of this study is lower to that of Ziaee et al in the city of Tehran that its HHW percentage reaches 10% of the domestic waste [14] [20].…”

Penerapan Metode Daur Ulang Sampah B3 Rumah Tangga Infeksius Dengan Pendekatan Life Cycle Assessment Melalui Pemberdayaan Masyarakat

“…Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Fikri, dkk tahun 2018 terkait timbulan sampah B3 RT, menunjukkan bahwa persentase sampah B3 RT golongan infeksius mendominasi dibandingkan dengan karakteristik B3 lainnya (terutama : popok dan pembalut wanita sekali pakai). Timbulan sampah B3 RT golongan infeksius mencapai 79%, sedangkan golongan beracun 13%, mudah terbakar dan meledak 6% dan terakhir adalah golongan sampah B3 RT korosif dengan persentase 2% (Fikri et al, 2017(Fikri et al, , 2018. Kuantitas tersebut hampir sama dengan yang ditujukkan di Kanada dan Amerika, bahwa rata-rata wanita membuang 1,3 juta ton pembalut setiap tahunnya (Priebe, 2010).…”