Characteristics and mechanical properties changes due to incorporation of aloe vera in polyethylene-based film

Karim, Siti Fatma Abd; Jai, Junaidah; Hamid, Ku Halim Ku; Jalil, Abdul Wafi Abdul

doi:10.24191/srj.v17i2.9837

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The range for PE and TPS was between 40 -70 % and 30 -60 % of the total weight, respectively, because more than 30 % guarantees film degradability satisfaction [31], [32]. The lower and upper limit for AV concentration was obtained from preliminary testing on the combination of PE/AV [33] with some modifications to prevent the negative value suggested by FFD. The formula obtained is presented in Table 1.…”

Section: B Design Of Experiments (Full Factorial Design)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Full Factorial Design Analysis and Characterization of Polyethylene, Starch and Aloe Vera Gel Thin Film Formulation

Karim¹,

Jai²,

Hamid³

et al. 2021

International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology

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The polyethylene-thermoplastic (PE/TPS) based film was introduced many years ago, but the compatibility of PE/TPS still an issue because synthetic compatibilizer has a safety drawback. In this work, aloe vera (AV) was introduced as a compatibilizer to enhance stress and characteristics of PE/TPS film. This paper determines the optimum PE/TPS/AV film formulation using full factorial design (FFD) analysis. Melt blending and hot-press techniques were used to prepare the film. Four selected PE/TPS/AV samples were chosen to discuss mechanical properties, functional groups, thermal degradation, and thermal properties changes. Based on FFD, PE was the most significant material that caused substantial changes in the film's mechanical properties. Concurrently, the interaction between PE/TPS and TPS/AV significantly influenced the value of the secant modulus. The addition of AV into TPS improved the stress and reduced the strain. New peaks are present in TPS/AV that share the same functional group with PE. Thus, improving the stress of the film. The presence of AV caused peaks 2916 cm -1 and 2849 cm -1 of TPS to strengthen at once; the thermal degradation increases tremendously from 282 °C to 354.70 °C. The melting temperature showed a reduction when TPS/AV was added into PE, but the crystallization temperature did not significantly change. However, significant changes occurred for crystallization enthalpy when TPS/AV was incorporated in PE at once, affecting the degree of crystallinity. In conclusion, AV was suggested to act as a compatibilizer/crosslinker or plasticizer to improve PE film packaging properties.

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Section: B Design Of Experiments (Full Factorial Design)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The film prepared was based on a previous method conducted [33]. Pre-mixed raw materials started in Banbury Thermo Haake Polylab Internal mixer at 160 °C, 60 rpm.…”

Section: Film Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full Factorial Design Analysis and Characterization of Polyethylene, Starch and Aloe Vera Gel Thin Film Formulation

Karim¹,

Jai²,

Hamid³

et al. 2021

International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology

Self Cite

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Characterization of polyethylene-starch based film at a different percentage of crude palm oil and Aloe vera gel

Karim

Jai

Hamid

et al. 2021

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Combination of polytethylene (PE) and starch is an alternative to enhance the capability of plastic film to degrade faster. However, the compatibility between each material was unsatisfied due to the hydrophobic nature of PE and hydrophilic nature of starch. Therefore, this paper was introducing crude palm oil (CPO) to act as plasticizer while Aloe vera (AV) as the compatibilizer. The objective of this paper was to study the changes caused by CPO and AV towards thermal degradation, thermal properties, and mechanical performance of PE/starch-based film. Melt-blending and hot press technique were applied to prepare the samples. Film 0.15C/1.08Av performed highest thermal degradation rate occurred with the lowest residue left. An increasing amount of CPO had caused decrement of percent crystallinity of the film while an increasing amount of AV shows an inconsistent value of percent crystallinity. The best tensile strength occurred at the formulation of 0.15C/1.08Av while highest elongation obtained by 2.7C/0.06Av. As a conclusion, CPO and AV affect the properties of the film. However, only AV has the potential to proceed with the next stage in improving the tensile strength of the film while CPO did not show good improvement.

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Thermal and mechanical properties of polyethylene-starch based film incorporated with crude palm oil

Karim

Jai

Hamid

et al. 2021

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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The present study reports the changes in thermal degradation, thermal properties, and mechanical performance of polyethylene (PE) - thermoplastic starch (TPS) based film incorporated with crude palm oil (CPO) as a plasticizer. The films were prepared using the melt-blending and hot-press technique. Then, it was characterized using a Thermogravimetric analyzer, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and Universal Testing machine to determine the film’s thermal degradation, thermal properties, and mechanical properties. TPS in PE film had reduced the thermal stability; however, CPO gives small changes to it. The amorphous phase of TPS reduced PE film’s crystallinity. Besides, CPO provided a lubricating effect and improved the crystallinity of PE/TPS film. Unfortunately, the tensile strength and elongation at break keep decreased with an increase of CPO content. The thermal decomposition and kinetic analysis using a thermogravimetric analyzer on one film (PE/TPS/CPO) at three different heating rates (7.5, 10.0, and 12.5 °C/min) were investigated. Friedman isoconversional model-free method was used to calculate the activation energy of the film. The thermal decomposition of materials in the film increased with the increasing heating rate, and the average computed activation energy obtained was 364.68 kj/mol.

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Characteristics and mechanical properties changes due to incorporation of aloe vera in polyethylene-based film

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Full Factorial Design Analysis and Characterization of Polyethylene, Starch and Aloe Vera Gel Thin Film Formulation

Full Factorial Design Analysis and Characterization of Polyethylene, Starch and Aloe Vera Gel Thin Film Formulation

Characterization of polyethylene-starch based film at a different percentage of crude palm oil and Aloe vera gel

Thermal and mechanical properties of polyethylene-starch based film incorporated with crude palm oil

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