Characteristics and outcome of infants born to mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first three waves of COVID-19 pandemic in northern Iran: A prospective cross-sectional study

Farhadi, Roya; Ghaffari, Vajiheh; Mehrpisheh, Shahrokh; Moosazadeh, Mahmood; Haghshenas, Mohammadreza; Ebadi, Aghdas

doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103839

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This could have various reasons not related to the pandemic, but the involvement of pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 could also be an increasing factor in the early termination of pregnancy in our region. 14 The strength of our study is that we have examined the effects of lockdown during different waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, while most studies have only examined one (initial) wave of the disease. Such an inclusion consistency over 5 waves and comparison with the corresponding epochs of the previous 4 years could reduce the bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its area is 23 842 square kilometers and it has also been identified as one of the most affected regions since the spread of the SARS-CoV2 was announced. 14 After the official report of the first case of infection with COVID-19 in Iran on 28 February 2019 and its rapid spread in all the provinces of the country, the plan of social restrictions including the closure of schools and sports halls, reducing office hours, controlling entry and exit to cities, staying at home, and social distancing was implemented from March 4, and, in the first wave of the pandemic, a strict lockdown plan was implemented and continued in subsequent waves. 15 Most of the studies conducted about the rate of stillbirths and premature births were limited to the beginning of the pandemic, and fewer data have been published regarding the impact of lockdown during the next waves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stillbirth and Preterm Birth During Lockdown Periods in 5 Waves of COVID-19 Pandemic in Northern Iran: A Region-Wide Cohort Study in Mazandaran Province

Farhadi,

Noori,

GhaffariSaravi

et al. 2023

Health Services Research and Managerial Epidemiology

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Introduction Conflicting reports for preterm birth and stillbirth during the lockdown imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic have emerged. Most of the studies are related to the initial waves of the pandemic. Objectives This study aims to evaluate changes in preterm birth and stillbirth rates during various waves of COVID-19 in northern Iran. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study to evaluate preterm birth and stillbirth rate based on weight distribution per 1000 live births during lockdown periods in 5 peaks of the COVID-19 pandemic using the regional data registration system at Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in northern Iran. We compared these rates with the corresponding months 4 years before the pandemic. The odds ratio for the primary outcome was estimated by logistic regression. Results We observed an overall increased rate of preterm birth during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period (4.7% vs 2.8%, P < .001). The overall stillbirth rate increased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period (7.48/1000 vs 5.41/1000, odds ratio: 1.38 [1.21-1.57]). This increase in the rate of stillbirth was significantly observed in the fifth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic ( P < .001). Conclusion Our study showed that adverse pregnancy outcomes increased during lockdown periods of a global pandemic. Further studies from geographically diverse regions to evaluate different behavior changes during pregnancy and access to prenatal services, and its impact on pregnancy outcomes is recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stillbirth and Preterm Birth During Lockdown Periods in 5 Waves of COVID-19 Pandemic in Northern Iran: A Region-Wide Cohort Study in Mazandaran Province

Farhadi,

Noori,

GhaffariSaravi

et al. 2023

Health Services Research and Managerial Epidemiology

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“…In particular, there was widespread infection of pregnant women by the causative coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, that rapidly resulted in excess morbidity and mortality including maternal death, pneumonia and other complications [2][3][4]. Newborn babies were also affected, resulting in vertical transmission, preterm delivery, need for intensive care treatment and other neonatal complications [5][6][7][8]. COVID-19 spread rapidly throughout both urban and rural areas of the country in 2020 and 2021, a period during which due to international sanctions there were limited resources available for surveillance and to reduce transmission of the virus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 2 3 4 Newborn babies were also affected, resulting in vertical transmission, preterm delivery, need for intensive care treatment, and other neonatal complications. 5 6 7 8 COVID-19 spread rapidly throughout both urban and rural areas of the country in 2020 and 2021, a period during which due to international sanctions there were limited resources available for surveillance and to reduce transmission of the virus. These deficiencies included medicines, personal protective equipment, ventilators, intensive care beds, and COVID-19 diagnostic testing kits.…”

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confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Clinical Features of COVID-19 among 4,015 Neonates in Iran: Results of the National Study from the Iranian Maternal and Neonatal Network

et al. 2023

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Objective The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on pregnant women and neonates in Iran. This retrospective study describes the national experience among neonates having suspected and confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection following hospital admission to examine the epidemiology, demographic and clinical features. Study Design All nationwide cases of suspected and confirmed neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection were drawn from the Iranian Maternal and Neonatal Network (IMaN) between February 2020 to February 2021. IMaN registers demographic, maternal, and neonatal health data throughout Iran. Statistical analysis of demographic, epidemiological and clinical data were performed. Results There were 4,015 liveborn neonates having suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection that fulfilled the study inclusion criteria identified in the IMaN registry from 187 hospitals throughout Iran. There were 1,392 (34.6%) neonates that were preterm, including 304 (7.6%) less than 32 weeks gestation. Among the 2,567 newborns admitted to the hospital immediately after birth, the most common clinical problems were respiratory distress (1,095 cases; 42.6%), sepsis-like syndrome (355; 13.8%) and cyanosis (300 cases; 11.6%). Of 683 neonates transferred from another hospital, the most frequent problems were respiratory distress (388; 56.8%), sepsis-like syndrome (152; 22.2%), and cyanosis (134; 19.6%). Among 765 neonates discharged home after birth and subsequently admitted to the hospital, sepsis-like syndrome (244 cases; 31.8%), fever (210; 27.4%), and respiratory distress (185; 24.1%) were most frequent. A total of 2,331 (58%) of neonates required respiratory care, with 2,044 surviving and 287 having a neonatal death. Approximately 55% of surviving neonates received respiratory support, compared with 97% of neonates who expired. Laboratory abnormalities included elevations of WBCs, CPK, liver enzymes, and CRP. Conclusions This report adds the national experience of Iran to the list of reports from multiple countries describing their experience with COVID-19 in neonates, demonstrating that newborns are not exempt from COVID-19-morbidity and mortality.

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Maternal COVID-19 infection and risk of respiratory distress syndrome among newborns: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Shabil,

Gaidhane,

Ballal

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted public health, with emerging evidence suggesting substantial effects on maternal and neonatal health. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the prevalence and risk of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in newborns born to mothers infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19. MethodsWe conducted a literature search in Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science up to April 20, without language or date restrictions. Observational studies reporting on the prevalence or risk of RDS among newborns from mothers with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included. Quality assessment was performed using the JBI tool. Statistical analysis was performed by using R software version 4.3. ResultsTwenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of RDS among newborns born to COVID-19-infected mothers was 11.5% (95% CI: 7.4-17.3%), with significant heterogeneity (I² = 93%). Newborns from infected mothers had a significantly higher risk of developing RDS, with a pooled risk ratio (RR) of 2.69 (95% CI: 1.77 to 4.17). ConclusionNewborns born to mothers with COVID-19 have a substantially increased risk of developing RDS. These findings emphasize the need for vigilant monitoring and appropriate management of pregnant women with COVID-19 to mitigate adverse neonatal outcomes.Keywords COVID-19, Respiratory distress syndrome, Meta-analysis, Good health and well-being † Muhammed Shabil and Shilpa Gaidhane contributed equally to this work.

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Characteristics and outcome of infants born to mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first three waves of COVID-19 pandemic in northern Iran: A prospective cross-sectional study

Cited by 6 publications

References 33 publications

Stillbirth and Preterm Birth During Lockdown Periods in 5 Waves of COVID-19 Pandemic in Northern Iran: A Region-Wide Cohort Study in Mazandaran Province

Stillbirth and Preterm Birth During Lockdown Periods in 5 Waves of COVID-19 Pandemic in Northern Iran: A Region-Wide Cohort Study in Mazandaran Province

Epidemiology and Clinical Features of COVID-19 among 4,015 Neonates in Iran: Results of the National Study from the Iranian Maternal and Neonatal Network

Maternal COVID-19 infection and risk of respiratory distress syndrome among newborns: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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