Characteristics and patterns of international trade in CITES-listed live birds in China from 2010 to 2019

Wang, Qingqing; Shi, Jing; Shen, Xinchen; Zhao, Tian

doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01786

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This likely indicates that much of the diversity originally present has since disappeared from the trade in wild‐sourced birds (Morton et al., 2022). Similarly, the lack of association with captive‐sourced birds in trade likely comes from the presence of both small (e.g., Fischer's lovebird) and large species (e.g., Psittacus erithacus ) in relative abundance (Wang et al., 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of reproductive traits with captive‐ versus wild‐sourced birds in trade

Morton

Scheffers

Haugaasen

et al. 2023

Conservation Biology

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The wildlife trade is a billion‐dollar global business, involving millions of people, thousands of species, and hundreds of millions of individual organisms. Unravelling whether trade targets reproductively distinct species and whether this preference varies between captive‐ and wild‐sourced species is a crucial question. We used a comprehensive list of all bird species traded, trade listings and records kept in compliance with the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), and a suite of avian reproductive parameters to examine whether wildlife trade is associated with particular facets of life history and to examine the association between life‐history traits and captive‐ and wild‐sourced traded volumes over time. Across all trade, CITES listing, and CITES trade, large birds were more likely to be traded and listed, but their longevity and age at maturity were not associated with CITES listing or trade. We found species across almost the full range of trait values in both captive and wild trade between 2000 and 2020. Captive trade volumes clearly associated with relatively longer lived and early‐maturing species; these associations remained stable and largely unchanged over time. Trait–volume associations in wild‐sourced trade were more uncertain. Only body mass had a clear association, and it varied from negative to positive over time. Although reproductive traits were important in captive‐sourced trade, species‐level variation dominated trade, with even congeneric species varying greatly in volume despite similar traits. The collection and incorporation of trait data into sustainability assessments of captive breeding facilities are crucial to ensure accurate quotas and guard against laundering.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of reproductive traits with captive‐ versus wild‐sourced birds in trade

Morton

Scheffers

Haugaasen

et al. 2023

Conservation Biology

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“…In many Asian countries however, including Thailand, legal interpretation regarding restrictions on netting in agricultural landscapes is ambiguous, and regulations are poorly enforced; hence netting is still widely used (e.g., Yong et al, 2022). In addition to illegal intentional captures for local consumption (e.g., Chowdhury, 2010;Kasper et al, 2020;Xayyasith et al, 2020;Zöckler et al, 2010), recreation (e.g., Chang et al, 2019), merit-making release (e.g., Gilbert et al, 2012), pets (e.g., Harris et al, 2017;Nijman et al, 2018;Wang, Shi, et al, 2021), or trafficking (e.g., Heim et al, 2021;Heinrich et al, 2020), collateral damage through the use of nets and other preventive means is likely to be a significant threat to certain species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collateral damage from agricultural netting to open‐country bird populations in Thailand

Angkaew

Round

Ngoprasert

et al. 2022

Conservat Sci and Prac

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Nets are used across a wide variety of food production landscapes to control avian pests typically resulting in deaths of entangled birds. However, the impact of nets on bird populations is a human–wildlife conflict that remains mostly unquantified. Here, we examined the scale of netting in the central plains of Thailand, a region dominated by ricefields, among which aquaculture ponds are increasingly interspersed. Nets/exclusion types, number of individual birds and species caught were recorded on 1312 road‐survey transects (2‐km length × 0.4‐km width). We also interviewed 104 local farmers. The transect sampling took place in late‐September 2020, and from December 2020 to April 2021. Each survey transect was visited only once. We found 1881 nets and barriers of parallel cords on 196 (15%) of the transects. Counts of nets and barriers were ~13 times higher than expected in aquaculture ponds based on their areal proportion, and vertical nets were the most commonly observed type (n = 1299). We documented 735 individuals of at least 45 bird species caught in the nets and parallel cords, including many species not regarded as pests. Approximately 20% of individuals caught in ricefields and 95% at aquaculture ponds were non‐target bycatch. Our interviews suggested that 55% of respondents thought nets were ineffective while only 6% thought they were effective. We suggest imposing a ban on netting, considering other mitigation strategies to reduce conflicts such as promoting the use of parallel cords, and prioritizing conservation actions with community participation. Further studies should investigate the efficacy of less deleterious deterrents.

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Assessing the global prevalence of wild birds in trade

Donald,

Fernando,

Brown

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Trade represents a significant threat to many wild species and is often clandestine and poorly monitored. Information on which species are most prevalent in trade, and potentially threatened by it, therefore remains fragmentary. We mobilised seven global datasets on birds in trade to identify the species or groups of species that might be at particular risk. These datasets sample different parts of the broad trade spectrum but we nevertheless find a statistically strong congruence between them in which species are recorded in trade. Furthermore, the frequency with which species are recorded within datasets is positively correlated with their occurrence across datasets. This allows us to propose a trade prevalence score that can be applied to all bird species globally. This score discriminates well between species known from semi-independent assessments to be heavily or unsustainably traded and all other species. Globally, 45.1% of all bird species, and 36.7% of globally threatened bird species, were recorded in at least one of the seven datasets. Species listed in Appendices I or II of CITES, species with large geographical distributions and non-songbirds had higher trade prevalence scores. Speciose orders with high mean trade prevalence scores include the Falconiformes, Psittaciformes, Accipitriformes, Anseriformes, Bucerotiformes and Strigiformes. Despite their low mean prevalence score, Passeriformes accounted for the highest overall number of traded species of any order but had low representation in CITES Appendices. Geographical hotspots where large numbers of traded species co-occur differed between songbirds (South-East Asia and Eurasia) and non-songbirds (central South America, sub-Saharan Africa and India). This first attempt to quantify and map the relative prevalence in trade of all bird species globally can be used to identify species and groups of species which may be at particular risk of harm from trade and can inform conservation and policy interventions to reduce its adverse impacts.

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Characteristics and patterns of international trade in CITES-listed live birds in China from 2010 to 2019

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Association of reproductive traits with captive‐ versus wild‐sourced birds in trade

Association of reproductive traits with captive‐ versus wild‐sourced birds in trade

Collateral damage from agricultural netting to open‐country bird populations in Thailand

Assessing the global prevalence of wild birds in trade

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