Characteristics and Perspectives of Quantum Turbulence in Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensates

Bose-Einstein condensation: Twenty years after

“…As another aspect of theoretical results, we mention numerous studies of Faraday waves in models of the condensates with short-range interactions [202][203][204], dipolar condensates [205], binary condensates with short-range interactions [206], Fermi-Bose mixtures [207], and superfluid Fermi gases [208]. As a related topic, let us mention that it has been shown theoretically that Faraday waves can be suppressed in condensates subject either to resonant parametric modulations [209] or space-and time-modulated potentials [210,211], and that pattern-forming modulational instabilities lead to chaotic density profiles [202] akin to those of turbulent BECs [67,212]. Apart from the use of parametric excitations, the formation of density waves has been studied in expanding ultra-cold Bose gases (either fully [213] or only partly condensed [214,215]), and the spontaneous formation of density waves has been reported for antiferromagnetic BECs [216].…”