Characteristics and Sources of Black Carbon in Atmospheric Dustfall Particles from Huangshi, China

Zhan, Chuanlang; Zhang, Jiaquan; Cao, Junji; Han, Yongming; Wang, Ping; Zheng, Jingru; Yao, Ruizhen; Liu, Hongxia; Li, Hua; Xiao, Wensheng

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2015.09.0562

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…Several specific chemical components, such as primary sugar compounds (i.e., primary saccharides and sugar alcohols) emitted persistently from biogenic sources, have long been suggested as powerful and unique biomarkers in tracing sources, as well as abundances of PBOA (Bauer et al, 2008a;Medeiros et al, 2006;Simoneit et al, 2004b;Zhang et al, 2010;Zhu et al, 2016). For instance, ambient concentrations of glucose have been used as markers for plant materials (such as pollen, leaves, and their fragments) or soil emissions from several areas in the world (Fu et al, 2012;Jia et al, 2010a, b;Pietrogrande et al, 2014;Rathnayake et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyols and glucose particulate species as tracers of primary biogenic organic aerosols at 28 French sites

et al. 2019

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A growing number of studies are using specific primary sugar species, such as sugar alcohols or primary saccharides, as marker compounds to characterize and apportion primary biogenic organic aerosols (PBOAs) in the atmosphere. To better understand their annual cycles, as well as their spatiotemporal abundance in terms of concentrations and sources, we conducted a large study focusing on three major atmospheric primary sugar compounds (i.e., arabitol, mannitol, and glucose) measured in various environmental conditions for about 5300 filter samples collected at 28 sites in France. Our results show significant atmospheric concentrations of polyols (defined here as the sum of arabitol and mannitol) and glucose at each sampling location, highlighting their ubiquity. Results also confirm that polyols and glucose are mainly associated with the coarse rather than the fine aerosol mode. At nearly all sites, atmospheric concentrations of polyols and glucose display a well-marked seasonal pattern, with maximum concentrations from late spring to early autumn, followed by an abrupt decrease in late autumn, and a minimum concentration during wintertime. Such seasonal patterns support biogenic emissions associated with higher biological metabolic activities (sporulation, growth, etc.) during warmer periods. Results from a previous comprehensive study using positive matrix factorization (PMF)Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 3358 A. Samaké et al.: Polyols and glucose particulate speciesbased on an extended aerosol chemical composition dataset of up to 130 species for 16 of the same sample series have also been used in the present work. The polyols-to-PM PBOA ratio is 0.024 ± 0.010 on average for all sites, with no clear distinction between traffic, urban, or rural typology. Overall, even if the exact origin of the PBOA source is still under investigation, it appears to be an important source of particulate matter (PM), especially during summertime. Results also show that PBOAs are significant sources of total organic matter (OM) in PM 10 (13 ± 4 % on a yearly average, and up to 40 % in some environments in summer) at most of the investigated sites. The mean PBOA chemical profile is clearly dominated by contribution from OM (78±9 % of the mass of the PBOA PMF on average), and only a minor contribution from the dust class (3±4 %), suggesting that ambient polyols are most likely associated with biological particle emissions (e.g., active spore discharge) rather than soil dust resuspension.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyols and glucose particulate species as tracers of primary biogenic organic aerosols at 28 French sites

et al. 2019

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“…Analytical errors in duplicate analysis were within 9%. Detailed procedure was consistent with the reported in Zhan et al [27]. WSOC was measured by a total organic carbon (TOC) analyzer (Shimadzu TOC-V CSH ).…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Using coal as its main energy, the rapid development of HS's heavy industry has caused high energy consumption and severe environmental pollution. In recent years, with the expansion of industrial scale (with mean annual growth rate of 12%) and an increase of urban vehicles (with mean annual growth rate of 20%) (http://www.huangshi.gov.cn), atmospheric particulates have become the major pollutants that affect air quality and endanger human health [27][28][29]. HS is more than 4500 square km (1700 square miles) in area, and has a population of more than two million.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and Formation Processes of Short-Chain Saturated Diacids (C2–C4) in Inhalable Particles (PM10) from Huangshi City, Central China

et al. 2017

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PM 10 samples were collected from Huangshi (HS) city, Central China during April 2012 to March 2013, and were analyzed for short-chain saturated dicarboxylic acids (diacids) using a capillary gas chromatograph (GC). We found that oxalic acid (C 2 , 318 ± 104 ng·m −3 ) was the most abundant diacid species, followed by malonic acid (C 3 , 25.4 ± 9.11 ng·m −3 ) and succinic acid (C 4 , 2.09 ± 0.52 ng·m −3 ). The concentrations of C 2 and C 4 diacids were highest in winter, followed by summer and spring, and lowest in autumn. C 3 diacid was decreased in the order of summer > winter > autumn > spring. Further, the seasonal variations of WSOC (water-soluble organic carbon)-and OC (organic carbon)-normalized diacid concentrations were similar to those of diacid concentrations, suggesting that both primary emission and secondary production are important sources for diacids in Huangshi (HS) aerosols. Strong correlations were found among C 2 diacid and the three ions SO 4 2− , NO 3 − , and NH 4 + in summer and winter, suggesting that the species could undergo a similar secondary oxidation processing. C 2 had good correlation with K + in summer and autumn, which indicates an enhanced contribution of combustion sources for C 2 diacid. Moreover, according to the ratio of C 2 /K + , we can conclude that C 2 diacid should be formed by a secondary reaction of biomass combustion in HS aerosols, especially in summer and autumn. The ratios of C 2 /C 4 and C 3 /C 4 were compared with those reported in other sites, and the results suggest that HS aerosols should be more photochemically aged than at other urban areas. Principal component analysis of diacids and selected water-soluble inorganic ions over four seasons suggests that HS aerosols are influenced not only from primary emission, but also from secondary reaction. According to the linear relation between C 2 and C 3 diacids, the results indicate that C 2 diacid is formed from the oxidation of hydrocarbon compounds in spring, while it is from the oxidation of C 3 and C 4 diacids in summer, autumn, and winter.

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“…At present, studies of PM 2.5 pollution focus on the components, emission sources, and spatiotemporal variation in China. PM 2.5 components such as organic carbon, elemental carbon, sulfates, nitrates, and geological material have been studied in different cities and regions (Xiu et al, 2015;Zhao et al, 2016;Zhan et al, 2016). However, few studies have explored the biological fraction of PM 2.5 including bacteria, fungi, pollen, viruses, spores, and cell debris (Cao et al, 2014;Li et al, 2015;Yan et al, 2016;Gao et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of Bacterial and Fungal Community Structures in PM2.5 Collected during the 2014 APEC Summit Periods

Lù

et al. 2018

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The biological fraction of PM 2.5 is considered to be a major cause of various allergies and respiratory diseases. Nonetheless, differences in bacterial and fungal communities in PM 2.5 under different air quality conditions are not well known. In the present study, we collected PM 2.5 samples from October 15, 2014 to November 12, 2014 when several successive "AsiaPacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) blue" days were recorded, following the implementation of strict emission control measures to ensure the APEC summit held during November 5-11, 2014 in Beijing. This study analyzed bacteria and fungi in PM 2.5 samples through rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing. In total, 690 genera of bacteria and 229 genera of fungi were detected. The variations of species richness and community diversity of bacteria and fungi in PM 2.5 were not affected significantly by the emission control measures adopted during the summit and different air quality levels. The bacterial and fungal community structures in PM 2.5 collected during the summit exhibited over 83.7% and 79.6% similarities respectively, with PM 2.5 collected from air graded as "good" quality (AQI ≤ 100) before the APEC summit. Bacteria and fungi in PM 2.5 samples collected at AQI levels between 101-200 and 201-300 before the APEC summit had more than 73.4% and 76.3% community structure similarity, respectively, with PM 2.5 samples collected at AQI ≤ 100. The difference between day and night PM 2.5 samples was very small for bacterial and fungal community structures. Furthermore, most of the inhalable bacteria and fungi were nonpathogenic and no a clear relationship between air quality levels and pathogens was observed. Our results showed that bacteria and fungi in PM 2.5 were less affected by emission control measures and different air quality levels. However, due to the limited number of samples, the relationship between air pollution levels and airborne bacteria and fungi still needs further study.

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Characteristics and Sources of Black Carbon in Atmospheric Dustfall Particles from Huangshi, China

Cited by 23 publications

References 53 publications

Polyols and glucose particulate species as tracers of primary biogenic organic aerosols at 28 French sites

Polyols and glucose particulate species as tracers of primary biogenic organic aerosols at 28 French sites

Sources and Formation Processes of Short-Chain Saturated Diacids (C2–C4) in Inhalable Particles (PM10) from Huangshi City, Central China

Variation of Bacterial and Fungal Community Structures in PM2.5 Collected during the 2014 APEC Summit Periods

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