Characteristics and Sources of Intense Geoelectric Fields in the United States: Comparative Analysis of Multiple Geomagnetic Storms

Shi, Xueling; Hartinger, M.; Baker, J. B.; Murphy, Benjamin S.; Bedrosian, Paul A.; Kelbert, Anna; Rigler, E. J.

doi:10.1029/2021sw002967

“…In addition to geomagnetic perturbations, this event was also reported by Shi et al. ( 2022 ) and Hartinger et al. ( 2020 ) to cause intense geoelectric field perturbations (1.67 V/km at 18:31:41 UT) over Minnesota in the United States.…”

Section: Observations and Simulation Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Geospace Concussion: Global Reversal of Ionospheric Vertical Plasma Drift in Response to a Sudden Commencement

Shi

¹

,

Lin

²

,

Wang

³

et al. 2022

Geophysical Research Letters

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An interplanetary shock can abruptly compress the magnetosphere, excite magnetospheric waves and field‐aligned currents, and cause a ground magnetic response known as a sudden commencement (SC). However, the transient (<∼1 min) response of the ionosphere‐thermosphere system during an SC has been little studied due to limited temporal resolution in previous investigations. Here, we report observations of a global reversal of ionospheric vertical plasma motion during an SC on 24 October 2011 using ∼6 s resolution Super Dual Auroral Radar Network ground scatter data. The dayside ionosphere suddenly moved downward during the magnetospheric compression due to the SC, lasting for only ∼1 min before moving upward. By contrast, the post‐midnight ionosphere briefly moved upward then moved downward during the SC. Simulations with a coupled geospace model suggest that the reversed trueE⃗×B⃗ $\vec{E}\times \vec{B}$ vertical drift is caused by a global reversal of ionospheric zonal electric field induced by magnetospheric compression during the SC.

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“…This suggests they could be a source of geomagnetically induced currents driven by geoelectric fields (e.g., Belakhovsky et al., 2019; Heyns et al., 2021). While geoelectric fields are frequency‐dependent with a higher frequency bias relative to the underlying disturbance geomagnetic field (e.g., Boteler & Pirjola, 1998; Pirjola & Viljanen, 1998), distinct Pc5‐6 frequency ULF waves (1–7 mHz) can result in significant measured geoelectric fields (Hartinger et al., 2020; Shi et al., 2022). Therefore, it may be possible that magnetopause surface waves, at either MSE or higher (e.g., intrinsic KHI) frequencies, could similarly result in strong geoelectric fields.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While geoelectric fields are frequency-dependent with a higher frequency bias relative to the underlying disturbance geomagnetic field (e.g. Boteler & Pirjola, 1998;Pirjola & Viljanen, 1998), distinct Pc5-6 frequency ULF waves (1-7 mHz) can result in significant measured geoelectric fields (Hartinger et al, 2020;Shi et al, 2022). Therefore, it may be possible that magnetopause surface waves, at either MSE or higher (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auroral, Ionospheric and Ground Magnetic Signatures of Magnetopause Surface Modes

Archer

¹

,

Hartinger

²

,

Rastätter

³

et al. 2023

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The interaction between the solar wind and Earth's magnetosphere results in a zoo of dynamical plasma waves. Those with wavelengths comparable to the size of the magnetosphere are well described by magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and due to their corresponding frequencies, ∼0.1-100 mHz (Jacobs et al., 1964), are known as ultralow frequency (ULF) waves. ULF waves play important roles in space weather processes such as substorms (e.g., Kepko & Kivelson, 1999), wave-wave (e.g., Li et al., 2011) and wave-particle (e.g., Turner et al., 2012) interactions, magnetosphere-ionosphere (MI) coupling (e.g., Keiling, 2009), and geomagnetically induced currents (e.g., Heyns et al., 2021). In addition to familiar Alfvén and fast/slow magnetosonic body MHD waves (those which may freely propagate through plasma volumes), sharp discontinuities separating regions with different physical

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“…fields (Hartinger et al, 2020;Shi et al, 2022). Therefore, it may be possible that magnetopause surface waves, at either MSE or higher (e.g., intrinsic KHI) frequencies, could similarly result in strong geoelectric fields.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auroral, Ionospheric and Ground Magnetic Signatures of Magnetopause Surface Modes

Archer

¹

,

Hartinger

²

,

Rastätter³

et al. 2022

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The interaction between the solar wind and Earth's magnetosphere results in a zoo of dynamical plasma waves. Those with wavelengths comparable to the size of the magnetosphere are well described by magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and due to their corresponding frequencies, ∼0.1-100 mHz (Jacobs et al., 1964), are known as ultralow frequency (ULF) waves. ULF waves play important roles in space weather processes such as substorms (e.g., Kepko & Kivelson, 1999), wave-wave (e.g., Li et al., 2011) and wave-particle (e.g., Turner et al., 2012) interactions, magnetosphere-ionosphere (MI) coupling (e.g., Keiling, 2009), and geomagnetically induced currents (e.g., Heyns et al., 2021). In addition to familiar Alfvén and fast/slow magnetosonic body MHD waves (those which may freely propagate through plasma volumes), sharp discontinuities separating regions with different physical

show abstract

Characteristics and Sources of Intense Geoelectric Fields in the United States: Comparative Analysis of Multiple Geomagnetic Storms

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Geospace Concussion: Global Reversal of Ionospheric Vertical Plasma Drift in Response to a Sudden Commencement

Geospace Concussion: Global Reversal of Ionospheric Vertical Plasma Drift in Response to a Sudden Commencement

Auroral, Ionospheric and Ground Magnetic Signatures of Magnetopause Surface Modes

Auroral, Ionospheric and Ground Magnetic Signatures of Magnetopause Surface Modes

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