Characteristics And Use Of Multicopper Oxidases Enzymes

Abstract

Multicopper oxidases (MCOs) are a large family of blue copper proteins which contain from one to six copper atoms per molecule. Their catalytic centre consists of three domains which involve type I Cu, type II Cu and a pair of type III Cu's. They include laccases, ferroxidases, ascorbate oxidase, bilirubin oxidase, laccase-like multicopper oxidases. MCOs are capable of one-electron oxidizing of aromatic as well as non-aromatic compounds with a concomitant four-electron reduction of molecular oxygen to water. These properties make them a valuable tool in various industries (e.g. food, textile, pharmaceutical) medicine or environment protection. 1. Introduction. 2. Multicopper oxidases-classification, structure and properties. 3. Identification methods of MCOs. 4. Laccases vs. others MCOs. 5. Application of multicopper oxidases. 6. Summary CHARAKTERYSTYKA I KIERUNKI WYKORZYSTANIA ENZYMÓW Z GRUPY WIELOMIEDZIOWYCH OKSYDAZ Streszczenie: Wielomiedziowe oksydazy (MCO) stanowią dużą rodzinę niebieskich białek, a ich centrum katalityczne składa się z trzech domen: typu 1 Cu, typu II Cu oraz pary typu III Cu. Wśród MCO wyróżnia się lakazy, ferroksydazy, oksydazy askorbinianowe, oksydazy bilirubinowe oraz lakazopodobne wielomiedziowe oksydazy. Wielomiedziowe oksydazy katalizują reakcje utleniania aromatycznych jak i niearomatycznych związków z jednoczesną redukcją tlenu cząsteczkowego do wody. Właściwości te czynią je cennym narzędziem w wielu gałęziach przemysłu i ochronie środowiska.

Laccase activity of the ascomycete fungus Nectriella pironii and innovative strategies for its production on leaf litter of an urban park

“…In this study, 26 fungal cultures were isolated from a postindustrial textile green area and tested for laccase production on the medium containing phenolic as well as nonphenolic substrates (Table 1). Fungal cultures were checked for zone formation on agar plates containing ABTS or DMP, which are considered as standard substrates for laccase [2]. This allowed for the indication of laccase-producing fungi.…”

“…Fungal laccases are involved in sporulation, pigment production, fruiting body formation, and plant pathogenesis. These copper-containing enzymes catalyze the oxidation of a variety of phenolic and nonphenolic substrates with a simultaneous reduction of molecular oxygen to water [1,2].…”

Research of Multicopper Oxidase and Its Degradation of Histamine in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LPZN19

“…Although most MCOs have similar catalytic center structures, their biological functions and catalytic performance vary widely [24]. Therefore, exploring the enzymatic properties of the MCO is the basis for studying its structure and mechanism of action, which is of great significance to its biological field.…”

Laccases—Versatile Enzymes Used to Reduce Environmental Pollution

“…In their natural habitat, micro-organisms (Figure 2) are able to produce laccases in the process of degradation of the substrate, as well as in the processes of protection, virulence and pathogenicity, sporulation, and pigment synthesis [8]. The best known bacteria that synthesize laccases are part of the phyla Firmicutes (B. pumilus, B. subtilis, B. licheniformis), Cyanobacteria (Oscillatoria boryana), Proteobacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas syringae, Azospirillum lipoferum, Sinorhizobium meliloti, Marinomonas mediterranea), Actinobacteria (Streptomyces coelicolor, S.lavendulae, S. griseus), Aquificae, Deinococcus-Thermus (Thermus thermophilus), Archaea (Haloferax volcanii), and several human pathogens [7,9,10]. The synthesis of bacterial laccases can be intracellular or extracellular, occurs in the exponential growth phase, and is induced by the presence of a specific substrate.…”