Characteristics of a new all-vanadium redox flow battery

Rychcik, M.; Skyllas‐Kazacos, Maria

doi:10.1016/0378-7753(88)80005-3

Cited by 493 publications

(317 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Organic electrolytes often have wider potential windows than that of water and, consequently, there is a lot of interest in high energy density, organic RFB systems and systems based on Ru [4], V [5], Mn [6], and Cr [7] complexes have been reported. In a similar approach to that used in the popular aqueous all-vanadium RFBs [8], the same chemical species is often used on each side of non-aqueous RFBs, mitigating the effects of transfer of redox species between compartments and increasing the coulombic efficiency [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Room temperature ionic liquid electrolytes for redox flow batteries

Ejigu

Greatorex-Davies

Walsh

2015

Electrochemistry Communications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Room temperature ionic liquid electrolytes for redox flow batteries

Ejigu

Greatorex-Davies

Walsh

2015

Electrochemistry Communications

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“…Thaller's redox flow battery was comprised of iron and chromium [1]. Since that time, the design of the redox flow battery systems has evolved as witnessed by review of the numerous papers that have been published over the last four decades [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. And yet, this field is still in its infancy due to the lack of suitable electrode and electrolyte materials, together with difficulties in mastering the interfaces between them.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Electrolyte Concentration, Temperature, Flow Velocity and Current Density on Zn Deposit Morphology

Gavrilović-Wohlmuther¹,

Laskos²,

Zelger³

et al. 2015

JEPE

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Abstract:The most critical disadvantages of the Zn-air flow battery system are corrosion of the zinc, which appears as a high self-discharge current density and a short cycle life due to the non-uniform, dendritic, zinc electrodeposition that can lead to internal short-circuit. In our efforts to find a dendrite-free Zn electrodeposition which can be utilized in the Zn-air flow battery, the surface morphology of the electrolytic Zn deposits on a polished polymer carbon composite anode in alkaline, additive-free solutions was studied. Experiments were carried out with 0.1 M, 0.2 M and 0.5 M zincate concentrations in 8 M KOH. The effects of different working conditions such as: elevated temperatures, different current densities and different flow velocities, on current efficiency and dendrite formation were investigated. Specially designed test flow-cell with a central transparent window was employed. The highest Coulombic efficiencies of 80%-93% were found for 0.5 M ZnO in 8 M KOH, at increased temperatures (50-70 °C), current densities of up to 100 mA·cm -2 and linear electrolyte flow velocities higher than 6.7 cm·s -1 .

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“…1,2 Among these advantages, the most important ones are their ability to decouple power and energy rating due to their unique system architecture, and their flexible design. [3][4][5][6] Despite these advantages, one major challenge which hinders their commercial viability is the relatively higher capital cost of these systems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Ion Crossover in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries: A Computationally-Efficient Lumped Parameter Approach for Extended Cycling

Boettcher

Ağar

Dennison

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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In this work, we have developed a zero-dimensional vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) model which accounts for all modes of vanadium crossover and enables prediction of long-term performance of the system in a computationally-efficient manner. Using this model, the effects of membrane thickness on a 1000-cycle operation of a VRFB system have been investigated. It was observed that utilizing a thicker membrane significantly reduces the rate of capacity fade over time (up to ∼15%) at the expense of reducing the energy efficiency (up to ∼2%) due to increased ohmic losses. During extended cycling, the capacity of each simulated case was observed to approach an asymptote of ∼60% relative capacity, as the concentrations in each half-cell reach a quasi-equilibrium state. Simulations also indicated that peak power density and limiting current density exhibit a similar asymptotic trend during extended cycling (i.e., an ∼10-15% decrease in the peak power density and an ∼20-25% decrease in the limiting current density is observed as quasi-equilibrium state is reached Recently, vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) have gained significant interest as one of the most promising electrochemical systems for grid-scale energy storage due to their several advantages over conventional batteries.1,2 Among these advantages, the most important ones are their ability to decouple power and energy rating due to their unique system architecture, and their flexible design.3-6 Despite these advantages, one major challenge which hinders their commercial viability is the relatively higher capital cost of these systems.5 According to a recent study by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, the current capital cost of a VRFB system is about $350 per kWh for 4-h application, 7 which is much higher than the capital cost target set by government agencies. The current capital cost target of The Department of Energy's Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability is $250 per kWh, falling to $150 per kWh in the future for a 4-hour energy storage system. 8 One possible approach to reduce the capital cost is to improve the performance of these systems for less material use. To date, the majority of research has focused on improving the performance of individual components, such as developing high power density electrodes 4,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] and exploring high energy capacity electrolytes. [17][18][19][20][21] In line with these studies, another approach to reduce the capital cost is to increase the lifetime of VRFB systems. Currently, the lifetime of these systems is limited by the capacity fade during cycling, which is primarily governed by unwanted active species transport across the membrane (i.e., species crossover). 22 Developing sophisticated mathematical models to mimic the VRFB operation is imperative to investigate the capacity fade and related performance losses in these systems due to lengthy time requirements and practical limitations of experimental cycling analysis. So far, there are several studies reported that ha...

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Characteristics of a new all-vanadium redox flow battery

Cited by 493 publications

References 2 publications

Room temperature ionic liquid electrolytes for redox flow batteries

Room temperature ionic liquid electrolytes for redox flow batteries

Effects of Electrolyte Concentration, Temperature, Flow Velocity and Current Density on Zn Deposit Morphology

Modeling of Ion Crossover in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries: A Computationally-Efficient Lumped Parameter Approach for Extended Cycling

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