Characteristics of a Plasticized PVA-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membrane and H+ Conductor for an Electrical Double-Layer Capacitor: Structural, Morphological, and Ion Transport Properties

Abstract

Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based solid polymer electrolytes doped with ammonium thiocyanate (NH4SCN) and glycerol were fabricated using a solution casting method. Lithium-based energy storage devices are not environmentally friendly materials, and they are toxic. Thus, proton-conducting materials were used in this work as they are harmless and are smaller than lithium. The interaction between PVA and the electrolyte elements was shown by FTIR analysis. The highest conductivity of 1.82 × 10−5 S cm−1 was obtained by the highest-conducting plasticized system (PSP_2) at room temperature. The mobility, diffusion coefficient, and number density of anions and cations were found to increase with increasing glycerol. FESEM was used to investigate the influence of glycerol on film morphology. TNM showed that the cations and anions were the main charge carriers. LSV showed that the electrochemical stability window of the PSP_2 system was 1.99 V. The PSP_2 system was applied in the preparation of an electrical double layer capacitor device. The shape of the cyclic voltammetry (CV) curve was nearly rectangular with no Faradaic peaks. From the galvanostatic charge-discharge analysis, the power density, energy density, and specific capacitance values were nearly constant beyond the first cycle at 318.73 W/Kg, 2.06 Wh/Kg, and 18.30 F g−1, respectively, for 450 cycles.

A Study of Methylcellulose Based Polymer Electrolyte Impregnated with Potassium Ion Conducting Carrier: Impedance, EEC Modeling, FTIR, Dielectric, and Device Characteristics

“…When the cell reaches the steady state, it is polarized, and the residual current is only carried by electrons due to the stainless-steel electrodes block both cations and anions while allowing only electrons to move through it. In this analysis, the measured t el value was 0.12 and the t ion was found to be 0.88, which is close to an ideal value of 1 [28], indicating that ions in the MCKI4 film is the majority charge carrier [48]. The finding obtained in this work is comparable with the t ion value of 0.86 as reported by Aziz et al for the polymer electrolyte system of chitosan: dextran: NH 4 Br [49].…”

“…As seen in Table 2, the dc conductivity increased when concentration of salt increased as more ions formed at higher salt concentration. From Equation ( 1), the lowest R b value shows the highest ionic conductivity [28]. It can be noted that the bulk resistance decreases with increasing the KI salt concentrations from 10 to 40 wt %.…”

“…Numerical values of σ dc , D, µ, and n at ambient temperature. As all the impedance data composed of a semicircular feature and a linear impedance, transport parameters including D, µ and n of ions are determined using the following equations [26,28]. The D of the ions is calculated using Equation (13),…”

“…The identical tendency is seen by µ as listed in Table 2 where µ increased. The increase of µ and D is related to the increase of chain flexibility with the existence of slat [28]. Consequently, an improvement of conductivity is resulted.…”

Polymer Composites with 0.98 Transparencies and Small Optical Energy Band Gap Using a Promising Green Methodology: Structural and Optical Properties

“…It has excellent chemical and mechanical stability, making ideal for applications such as electrochemical and optoelectronic devices. Also, due to its polarity and hydrophilic properties, PVA can interact with a variety of organic and inorganic materials [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. It is worth noting that the degradation of organometallic and conjugated polymers is fast, resulting in reduced device performance and efficiency [ 18 ].…”