Characteristics of Anorectal Malformations in Children at the United States‐Mexico Border

Abstract

Background: Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are a group of congenital malformations affecting the lower gastrointestinal, urogenital, and/or gynecological systems. They occur in approximately 1 in 5000 live births, with a slight male predominance. ARMs can appear in isolation or in association with other anomalies. The literature contains little information about the characteristics of ARMs in United States Hispanic populations. Methods: An institutional review board–approved chart review was conducted in all patients with ARMs seen at a single institution in El Paso, Texas, from January 2012 to December 2015. Data regarding demographics, types of ARMs, associated syndromes, and long-term complications were recorded using the Krickenbeck classification system. Results: Of the 37 patients included in the study, 20 were boys and 17 were girls. The most common ARMs were rectoperineal fistula (46%), rectourethral fistula, and cloacal malformation. Constipation was the most common long-term complication, especially in patients with recto-perineal fistula. Conclusion: Children in the Borderland community may have a higher percentage of recto-perineal fistula than previously reported. Postoperative complications in Hispanic children with ARM were comparable to those reported in other populations.

Frequency and outcomes of associated anomalies in anorectal malformation in children

“…It is common to find varying degrees of sacral abnormalities in patients with anorectal malformations. The prevalence of these anomalies highlights the importance of comprehensive assessments and specialized care in individuals with anorectal malformations, given the potential involvement of multiple organ systems [27,28].…”