Characteristics of Bacterial and Archaeal Communities in Microbial‐Enhanced Constructed Wetlands under NaCl Stress

Abstract

High salt concentrations can restrict or inhibit microorganism activity, which can detrimentally influence pollutant degradation. In this study, intertidal wetland sediments (IWS) are introduced into constructed wetlands (CWs) as sources of microorganisms. The richness and evenness of bacterial and archaeal microbial communities in the presence of 150 × 10−3 m NaCl are evaluated by high‐throughput sequencing. The distinction of dominant functional microorganisms in CWs with and without IWS is also analyzed. Anaerolineales and thermomicrobia are the dominant microorganisms in IWS–CWs in the saline condition and are related to methane production. The abundance of Alphaproteobacteria, Myxococcales, and Xanthomonadales, related to dehydrogenation, is relatively high in IWS–CWs. The addition of IWS induces further production of Anaerolineaceae and Geobacteraceae, which is positively correlated with the phosphorus‐accumulating and sulfate‐reducing stages. The dominant archaea phyla in IWS–CWs in the saline condition are Thaumarchaeota (87.5%) and Euryarchaeota (12.2%), which are involved in ammonia‐oxidizing and methane‐producing processes, respectively. These functional microbial communities are beneficial to the degradation and transformation of pollutants in the CWs. Thus, IWS with various halophilic and pollutant‐degrading microorganisms can be considered effective microbial sources to enhance the pollutant removal abilities of CWs.

Treatment Effect of Long-Term Subsurface-Flow Constructed Wetland on Mariculture Water and Analysis of Wetland Bacterial Community

“…In this system, Saprospiraceae and Flavobacteriaceae were the dominant families. Anaerolineaceae is widely found in natural ecosystems and is an important organic degradation bacteria under anaerobic conditions [39]. Rhodobacteraceae is often detected in marine aquaculture biofilters and macroalgae-associated microorganisms.…”

The biotechnological potential of the Chloroflexota phylum

“…Additionally, members of the Anaerolineae class have been reported to contribute to the transformation of cellulose and hemi-cellulose to smaller carbon molecules such as lactate, formate, and acetate, even in adverse conditions, such as uranium-rich sediments, which was possible, given the presence of genes related to uranium tolerance ( 62 ). Members of the Anaerolineae classes can also be found in marine environments contributing to the re-cycling of dissolved organic matter and degrading carbohydrates ( 8 , 63 , 64 ).…”

Large-scare subsurface flow constructed wetland for marine aquaculture water purification: functional microbial detection

“…In this system, Saprospiraceae and Flavobacteriaceae were the dominant families. Anaerolineaceae was widely found in natural ecosystems and was an important organic degradation bacteria under anaerobic conditions (Wang et al 2022a). Rhodobacteraceae was often detected in marine aquaculture bio lters and macroalgae-associated microorganisms.…”